生酮饮食对肝脏的损害：揭示生酮饮食对大鼠的炎症和结构影响

Hepatic toll of keto: unveiling the inflammatory and structural consequences of ketogenic diet in rats.

作者信息

Rezazadeh Khatereh, Barzegar Mohammad, Nezamdoost Erfan, Shoaran Maryam, Abbasi Mehran Mesgari, Ghasemi Babollah, Madadi Solmaz, Raeisi Sina

机构信息

Pediatric Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.

Drug-Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.

出版信息

BMC Nutr. 2025 Apr 9;11(1):72. doi: 10.1186/s40795-025-01057-7.

DOI:10.1186/s40795-025-01057-7

PMID:40200308

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11980344/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The ketogenic diet (KD) has been used as a therapeutic diet for a range of diseases such as epilepsy, obesity, and cancer. However, it may cause some adverse effects that are not well known. This study aimed to assess the possible impact of the KD on liver structure and function, as well as hepatic inflammatory markers.

METHODS

Ninety male rats were randomly divided into two groups: the normal diet group consumed a standard rat chow, and the KD group consumed a diet composed of 90% fat, 8% protein, and 2% carbohydrates for 30 days. The serum levels of lipid profile (cholesterol and triglyceride), liver enzymes, hepatic levels of inflammatory markers, and steatosis grading were evaluated and compared between the two groups.

RESULTS

The serum cholesterol and alanine transaminase (ALT) levels in the KD group were significantly higher than in the normal diet group. However, there were no significant differences between groups in serum triglyceride and aspartate transaminase (AST) levels. Hepatic inflammatory markers, interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), both were higher in the KD group compared to the normal diet group. In the liver biopsy, the degree of steatosis was significantly higher in the KD group compared to the normal diet group.

CONCLUSION

The KD may cause hepatic adverse effects by inducing steatosis and inflammation.

摘要

背景

生酮饮食（KD）已被用作治疗一系列疾病的饮食疗法，如癫痫、肥胖症和癌症。然而，它可能会引起一些尚不为人所知的不良反应。本研究旨在评估生酮饮食对肝脏结构和功能以及肝脏炎症标志物的可能影响。

方法

将90只雄性大鼠随机分为两组：正常饮食组喂食标准大鼠饲料，生酮饮食组喂食由90%脂肪、8%蛋白质和2%碳水化合物组成的饮食，持续30天。评估并比较两组的血脂谱（胆固醇和甘油三酯）血清水平、肝酶、肝脏炎症标志物水平和脂肪变性分级。

结果

生酮饮食组的血清胆固醇和丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）水平显著高于正常饮食组。然而，两组之间的血清甘油三酯和天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）水平没有显著差异。与正常饮食组相比，生酮饮食组的肝脏炎症标志物白细胞介素6（IL-6）和肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）均更高。在肝脏活检中，与正常饮食组相比，生酮饮食组的脂肪变性程度显著更高。