Pérez-Buenfil Angel, Morales-Sánchez Alejandra
IMSS Bienestar, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico.
Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.
J Cosmet Dermatol. 2025 Apr;24(4):e70121. doi: 10.1111/jocd.70121.
Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is characterized by a preoccupation with ≥ 1 perceived defects in physical appearance, which leads to social anxiety and avoidance. This excessive focus on appearance is linked to dissatisfaction with physical features, disappointment with cosmetic treatments, or frustration from not meeting perceived beauty standards.
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of BDD in dermatology, psychiatric, plastic surgery, general population, and world regions, as well as the prevalence of BDD using different diagnostic tools.
The authors conducted a systematic review of the literature in Medline via PubMed, Embase, and Latin American databases using MeSH terms "body dysmorphic disorder" and "prevalence" with filters for original and cross-sectional studies. Statistical analysis was performed using RStudio, and bias assessment was made using JBI Critical appraisal.
The overall prevalence of BDD in the general population was 17%, with higher rates in females than in males. The prevalence in plastic surgery patients was 24%. The highest prevalence of BDD was found in Latin America compared to other world regions.
BDD is a highly prevalent disorder, and increased awareness of the disease could improve its approach in plastic surgery and other medical fields.
躯体变形障碍（BDD）的特征是过分关注至少1个自认为的身体外观缺陷，这会导致社交焦虑和回避行为。这种对外表的过度关注与对身体特征的不满、对美容治疗的失望或未达到自认为的美貌标准而产生的挫败感有关。
本研究的目的是确定BDD在皮肤科、精神科、整形外科、普通人群及世界各地区的患病率，以及使用不同诊断工具时BDD的患病率。
作者通过PubMed、Embase和拉丁美洲数据库，使用医学主题词“躯体变形障碍”和“患病率”，并设置原始研究和横断面研究的筛选条件，对Medline中的文献进行了系统评价。使用RStudio进行统计分析，使用JBI批判性评价进行偏倚评估。
普通人群中BDD的总体患病率为17%，女性患病率高于男性。整形外科患者中的患病率为24%。与世界其他地区相比，拉丁美洲的BDD患病率最高。
BDD是一种高度流行的疾病，提高对该疾病的认识可以改善整形外科和其他医学领域对其的诊疗方法。
