Borges Célia, Lurdes Pereira Maria, Caldas Inês, Frey-Furtado Leonor
J Am Dent Assoc. 2025 Apr;156(4):300-308. doi: 10.1016/j.adaj.2025.02.001. Epub 2025 Mar 10.
Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), characterized by an obsessive focus on perceived flaws in appearance and affects approximately 0.7% through 2.4% of the general population, with dental-related concerns accounting for 20% of cases. Dentists in clinical practice could play a role in identifying and managing the care of patients with this condition. The authors aimed to evaluate the prevalence of BDD in dental patients and describe the characteristics of affected patients and available diagnostic tools.
The authors followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses checklist and conducted searches in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus on July 4, 2024. Inclusion criteria included studies on adult patients with BDD and relevant to dental medicine. Exclusion criteria included studies in which this disorder was not the primary focus and studies involving children.
Of 401 articles retrieved, 8 met the inclusion criteria. Among these, in 4 studies researchers indicated that patients with BDD in dental settings are predominantly single and in 3 studies a higher prevalence in female patients was reported.
Accurate identification of BDD in patients seeking esthetic procedures is essential due to ethical and safety concerns for both oral health care professionals and patients, such as prevention of overtreatment and dissatisfaction with treatment outcomes. The results of this systematic review equip oral health care providers with insights into patient characteristics and screening tools to facilitate identification, informed decision making, and mitigation of potential medicolegal risks.
身体变形障碍（BDD），其特征为过度关注自认为的外貌缺陷，在普通人群中的患病率约为0.7%至2.4%，其中与牙齿相关的问题占病例的20%。临床实践中的牙医在识别和管理患有这种疾病的患者方面可以发挥作用。作者旨在评估牙科患者中BDD的患病率，并描述受影响患者的特征以及可用的诊断工具。
作者遵循系统评价和Meta分析的首选报告项目清单，并于2024年7月4日在PubMed、科学网和Scopus上进行了检索。纳入标准包括对患有BDD的成年患者且与牙科医学相关的研究。排除标准包括该疾病不是主要研究重点的研究以及涉及儿童的研究。
在检索到的401篇文章中，8篇符合纳入标准。其中，4项研究的研究者指出，牙科环境中患有BDD的患者主要为单身，3项研究报告女性患者患病率较高。
由于对口腔医疗专业人员和患者在伦理和安全方面的考虑，如预防过度治疗和对治疗结果的不满，准确识别寻求美容手术的患者中的BDD至关重要。这项系统评价的结果为口腔医疗服务提供者提供了有关患者特征和筛查工具的见解，以促进识别、明智决策并减轻潜在的医疗法律风险。
