Guo Ling, Peng Yi, Yang Cheng, Liu Xinghong, Xiong Weilan, Liao Weijiang, Fan Jiangang
Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, China.
Front Immunol. 2025 Mar 25;16:1562546. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1562546. eCollection 2025.
More than 10% of adults suffer from chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), a chronic inflammatory condition that lowers quality of life, reduces productivity, and shortens work hours. Every year, more than 1 million surgeries are performed worldwide as a result of CRS. In recent years, targeted therapy for CRS has become a hotspot of research at home and abroad and has made significant progress, but CRS still has a high recurrence rate. Therefore CRS urgently needs precise targeted therapy. In the pathological process of CRS, the involvement of eosinophils is an important inflammatory mechanism. And excessive aggregation of eosinophils often leads to severe inflammatory responses. Studies have shown that chitinase 3-like protein 1 (CHI3L1) plays a key role in the activation and migration of eosinophils. This review will combine the latest research results to analyse in detail the biological properties of CHI3L1, its expression pattern in CRS, and the possible mechanisms by which it affects eosinophil aggregation by regulating immune responses and inflammatory processes, which will provide insights into the key role of CHI3L1 in the pathological process of CRS and offer a new target for the treatment of CRS.
超过10%的成年人患有慢性鼻-鼻窦炎（CRS），这是一种慢性炎症性疾病，会降低生活质量、降低生产力并缩短工作时间。每年，全球因CRS进行的手术超过100万例。近年来，CRS的靶向治疗已成为国内外研究的热点并取得了显著进展，但CRS的复发率仍然很高。因此，CRS迫切需要精准的靶向治疗。在CRS的病理过程中，嗜酸性粒细胞的参与是一种重要的炎症机制。嗜酸性粒细胞的过度聚集常导致严重的炎症反应。研究表明，几丁质酶3样蛋白1（CHI3L1）在嗜酸性粒细胞的激活和迁移中起关键作用。本综述将结合最新研究成果，详细分析CHI3L1的生物学特性、其在CRS中的表达模式，以及它通过调节免疫反应和炎症过程影响嗜酸性粒细胞聚集的可能机制，这将深入了解CHI3L1在CRS病理过程中的关键作用，并为CRS的治疗提供新的靶点。
