Defining Pharyngeal and Upper Esophageal Sphincter Disorders on High-Resolution Manometry-Impedance: The Leuven Consensus.
作者信息
Omari Taher I, Maclean Julia C F, Cock Charles, McCulloch Timothy M, Nativ-Zeltzer Nogah, O'Rourke Ashli K, Szczesniak Michal M, Wu Peter I, Allen Jacqueline, Aoyagi Yoichiro, Bayona Howell Henrian G, Carrión Silvia, Ciucci Michelle R, Davidson Kate, Dhar Shumon I, Hamdy Shaheen, Howell Rebecca, Jones Corrine, Knigge Molly A, Moonen An, Postma Gregory N, Puntil-Sheltman Jo, Rameau Anais, Regan Julie, Schar Mistyka, Rommel Nathalie
机构信息
College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
St George & Sutherland Clinical School, UNSW Medicine, Sydney, Australia.
出版信息
Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2025 Apr 9:e70042. doi: 10.1111/nmo.70042.
INTRODUCTION
The Leuven Consensus provides a classification scheme for the diagnosis of pharyngeal and upper esophageal sphincter (UES) motor disorders using metrics derived from pharyngeal high-resolution manometry-impedance (P-HRM-I).
METHODS
Twenty-six experts with broad multidisciplinary backgrounds contributed their knowledge and experience to this initiative via a formal deliberative Delphi process. Guidance on a swallow assessment protocol as well as diagnostic criteria for UES dysfunction and pharyngeal contractile dysfunction is provided.
RESULTS
For UES dysfunction, the stepwise evaluation of UES and intrabolus pressure metrics under increasing bolus volume and/or viscosity conditions is used to confirm failure of manometric relaxation and opening of the UES region. For pharyngeal contractile dysfunction, the evaluation of contractile metrics is used to define pharyngeal hypocontractility or hypercontractility.
CONCLUSION
These recommendations complement routine instrumental investigations and provide a standardized process, criteria, and nomenclature for P-HRM-I assessment of patients reporting symptoms of oropharyngeal dysphagia.
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