Janani Khushbu Viresh, Saberian Parsa, Patel Hardik B, Keetha Narsimha Rao, Etemadzadeh Ardalan, Patel Anya, Hashemi Seyyed Mohammad, Amini-Salehi Ehsan, Gurram Anoop
Soundview Medical Associates, Department of Internal Medicine, Hartford Healthcare, 50 Danbury Road, Wilton, CT, 06612, USA.
Cardiovascular Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
J Health Popul Nutr. 2025 Apr 9;44(1):112. doi: 10.1186/s41043-025-00860-z.
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of metabolic abnormalities that increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) may be at higher risk of developing MetS due to chronic inflammation, altered adipokine profiles, and the effects of corticosteroid treatment. However, the prevalence of MetS in IBD patients remains inconsistent across studies. This meta-analysis aims to estimate the prevalence of MetS in IBD patients and compare its occurrence between Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC).
A systematic search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science from their inception up to January 19, 2025. Eligible observational studies reporting MetS prevalence in IBD patients were included. Meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model, with heterogeneity assessed via the I² statistic. Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) software, version 4.0 was used for analysis.
The pooled prevalence of MetS in IBD patients was 21.8% (95% CI: 14.3-31.6%). The prevalence was higher in UC patients (32.7%, 95% CI: 16.0-55.5%) compared to CD patients (14.1%, 95% CI: 8.6-22.3%). Patients with UC had significantly higher odds of MetS than those with CD (OR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.03-1.85, P = 0.02). Additionally, IBD patients with MetS were significantly older than those without (MD: 9.89, 95% CI: 5.12-14.67, P < 0.01).
In summary, this meta-analysis reveals a notable prevalence of MetS among patients with IBD, particularly in those with UC, where the prevalence is higher than in CD. The analysis also shows that IBD patients with MetS tend to be older, suggesting age as a contributing factor. These findings underscore the need for routine metabolic screening in IBD care, especially in UC and elderly patients.
代谢综合征（MetS）是一组代谢异常，会增加心血管疾病（CVD）的风险。炎症性肠病（IBD）患者可能因慢性炎症、脂肪因子谱改变以及皮质类固醇治疗的影响而有更高的患MetS风险。然而，IBD患者中MetS的患病率在各项研究中仍不一致。本荟萃分析旨在估计IBD患者中MetS的患病率，并比较其在克罗恩病（CD）和溃疡性结肠炎（UC）之间的发生率。
对PubMed、Scopus、Embase和Web of Science从创建至2025年1月19日进行了系统检索。纳入报告IBD患者中MetS患病率的合格观察性研究。使用随机效应模型进行荟萃分析，通过I²统计量评估异质性。使用版本4.0的综合荟萃分析（CMA）软件进行分析。
IBD患者中MetS的合并患病率为21.8%（95%置信区间：14.3 - 31.6%）。与CD患者（14.1%，95%置信区间：8.6 - 22.3%）相比，UC患者的患病率更高（32.7%，95%置信区间：16.0 - 55.5%）。UC患者患MetS的几率显著高于CD患者（比值比 = 1.38，95%置信区间：1.03 - 1.85，P = 0.02）。此外，患有MetS的IBD患者明显比未患MetS的患者年龄更大（平均差值：9.89，95%置信区间：5.12 - 14.67，P < 0.01）。
总之，本荟萃分析揭示了IBD患者中MetS的患病率显著，特别是在UC患者中，其患病率高于CD患者。分析还表明，患有MetS的IBD患者往往年龄更大，提示年龄是一个影响因素。这些发现强调了在IBD护理中进行常规代谢筛查的必要性，特别是在UC患者和老年患者中。
