Hyun Hye Kyung, Cheon Jae Hee
Department of Internal Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, Korea.
Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Gut Liver. 2025 May 15;19(3):307-317. doi: 10.5009/gnl240316. Epub 2025 Jan 8.
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by chronic immune-mediated intestinal inflammation, presenting with a spectrum of metabolic disorders as well as intestinal and extraintestinal manifestations. Lifestyle factors, genetic predisposition, immune dysfunction, and gut bacteria composition contribute to the development of IBD. Several comorbidities, including cardiovascular diseases, thrombosis, and metabolic disorders, have been associated with IBD. Therefore, metabolic disorders, including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and obesity have become the focus of attention in patients with IBD. Identifying and managing these conditions can significantly influence patient outcomes and enhance overall management. Therefore, this review aimed to elucidate the current understanding of relevant and emerging metabolic comorbidities and extraintestinal manifestations associated with IBD and their clinical significance.
炎症性肠病（IBD）的特征是慢性免疫介导的肠道炎症，伴有一系列代谢紊乱以及肠道和肠外表现。生活方式因素、遗传易感性、免疫功能障碍和肠道细菌组成促成了IBD的发生。包括心血管疾病、血栓形成和代谢紊乱在内的几种合并症已与IBD相关联。因此，包括非酒精性脂肪性肝病、2型糖尿病和肥胖症在内的代谢紊乱已成为IBD患者关注的焦点。识别和管理这些病症可显著影响患者的预后并加强整体管理。因此，本综述旨在阐明目前对与IBD相关的相关和新出现的代谢合并症及肠外表现及其临床意义的理解。
