Shields S, Chen T, Crombie F, Manton D J, Silva M J
Melbourne Dental School, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
Inflammatory Origins, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia.
Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2025 Apr 10. doi: 10.1007/s40368-025-01028-3.
Molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) is a qualitative defect of enamel characterised by demarcated opacities. Aesthetic and functional sequelae of MIH may manifest as reduced oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL). This study aims to investigate the impact of the presence and severity of MIH on children's OHRQoL.
This cross-sectional study recruited children aged 7-16 years-of-age attending specialist paediatric dental clinics in Melbourne, Australia. Clinical examination utilised the modified European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry index to quantify the presence and severity of MIH. OHRQoL data was collected via the Child Perception Questionnaire, Parent-Caregiver Perception Questionnaire and Family Impact Statement. Causal analysis used quantile regression and included poor medical health as a confounding variable. Sensitivity analysis used the same model and different strata of MIH lesion location and severity.
131 participants with complete self-reported OHRQoL data were included in the causal analysis. The estimated average causal effect after adjusting for poor medical health showed the estimated difference in medians of child-reported OHRQoL was 6 (CI = 2.62, 12.25, p = 0.02) in the MIH group compared to the unaffected group. The estimated difference in medians of self-reported OHRQoL after adjusting for poor medical health was 7 (CI = 1.87, 11.99, p = 0.01) for severe MIH group and - 1 (CI = - 5.16, 3.62, p = 0.63) for the mild group compared to those unaffected. The estimated difference in medians of self-reported OHRQoL after adjusting for poor medical health was 5.16 (CI = - 2.42, 10.99, p = 0.15) for participants with MIH-affected incisors compared to the rest of the cohort.
MIH impacts children's OHRQoL as reported by self and parent/caregiver.
磨牙切牙矿化不全（MIH）是一种牙釉质的质性缺陷，其特征为界限分明的牙釉质混浊。MIH的美学和功能后遗症可能表现为口腔健康相关生活质量（OHRQoL）下降。本研究旨在调查MIH的存在及其严重程度对儿童OHRQoL的影响。
这项横断面研究招募了澳大利亚墨尔本专科儿童牙科诊所7至16岁的儿童。临床检查采用改良的欧洲儿童牙科学会指数来量化MIH的存在及其严重程度。OHRQoL数据通过儿童感知问卷、家长/照顾者感知问卷和家庭影响声明收集。因果分析采用分位数回归，并将健康状况不佳作为一个混杂变量。敏感性分析使用相同的模型以及MIH病变位置和严重程度的不同分层。
因果分析纳入了131名有完整自我报告OHRQoL数据的参与者。在对健康状况不佳进行调整后，估计的平均因果效应显示，与未受影响组相比，MIH组儿童报告的OHRQoL中位数估计差异为6（CI = 2.62, 12.25, p = 0.02）。在对健康状况不佳进行调整后，与未受影响者相比，重度MIH组自我报告的OHRQoL中位数估计差异为7（CI = 1.87, 11.99, p = 0.01），轻度组为-1（CI = -5.16, 3.62, p = 0.63）。与队列中的其他参与者相比，对健康状况不佳进行调整后，患有MIH的切牙的参与者自我报告的OHRQoL中位数估计差异为5.16（CI = -2.42, 10.99, p = 0.15）。
自我报告以及家长/照顾者报告均显示，MIH会影响儿童的OHRQoL。
