Pawar Neeraj, Seth Aswani Kumar
Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli, India.
J Vector Borne Dis. 2025 Apr 11. doi: 10.4103/JVBD.JVBD_236_24.
The Chandipura virus (CHPV) is an emerging arbovirus in India, primarily transmitted by sandflies and associated with outbreaks of acute encephalitis in children. First identified in 1965 in Maharashtra, CHPV has since been linked to Acute Encephalitis Syndrome (AES) in several states, including Maharashtra, Gujarat, Telangana, and Madhya Pradesh. The virus predominantly affects children under 15 years, particularly in rural areas with poor housing conditions, and is most prevalent during the monsoon season when sandfly activities are high. Its clinical presentation includes a rapid-onset febrile illness progressing to encephalitis, often with a high case fatality rate. Diagnostic challenges arise due to similarities with other arboviral infections, complicating outbreak management. Current public health interventions emphasize vector control, environmental sanitation, and community awareness, though the lack of specific antiviral treatment and vaccines remains a significant barrier. This review highlights the need for improved surveillance, diagnostic tools, and vaccine development to mitigate the potential public health impact of CHPV in India. A One Health approach, integrating human, animal, and environmental health, is crucial for the effective management and prevention of CHPV outbreaks.
钱迪普拉病毒（CHPV）是印度一种新出现的虫媒病毒，主要通过白蛉传播，与儿童急性脑炎疫情有关。1965年在马哈拉施特拉邦首次发现该病毒，此后在包括马哈拉施特拉邦、古吉拉特邦、特伦甘纳邦和中央邦在内的几个邦，CHPV都与急性脑炎综合征（AES）有关。该病毒主要影响15岁以下儿童，特别是在住房条件差的农村地区，并且在白蛉活动频繁的季风季节最为流行。其临床表现包括迅速发作的发热性疾病并进展为脑炎，病死率通常很高。由于与其他虫媒病毒感染相似，诊断存在挑战，这使疫情管理变得复杂。目前的公共卫生干预措施强调病媒控制、环境卫生和社区宣传，不过缺乏特异性抗病毒治疗和疫苗仍然是一个重大障碍。本综述强调需要改进监测、诊断工具和疫苗研发，以减轻CHPV在印度对公共卫生的潜在影响。采用一体化健康方法，整合人类、动物和环境卫生，对于有效管理和预防CHPV疫情至关重要。
