Freisthler Bridget, Ye Yun, Wolf Jennifer Price
College of Social Work, University of Tennessee, 916 Volunteer Blvd, Knoxville, TN, 37916, USA.
College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, 1841 Neil Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
Prev Sci. 2025 Apr;26(3):331-342. doi: 10.1007/s11121-025-01804-z. Epub 2025 Apr 11.
Alcohol environmental intervention efforts have shown mixed results in reducing child abuse and neglect. In this study, we examine how the dosage of specific intervention components of the Sacramento Neighborhood Alcohol Prevention Project (SNAPP) may differentially affect child abuse outcomes. SNAPP used a quasi-experimental phased intervention design to reduce alcohol-related problems among 15-29-year-olds in two economically, racially, and ethnically diverse neighborhoods in Sacramento, California. Study activities were conducted from 1999 through 2003. The intervention occurred in 37 Census block groups (21 block groups in the South and 16 in the North) compared to 289 block groups in the At-Large comparison area. Our child abuse outcomes include substantiations of child abuse and neglect and total and alcohol-related foster care entries. Data on child abuse outcomes were obtained from the Sacramento County Department of Children and Family Services and analyzed using conditionally autoregressive spatio-temporal Bayesian analyses. Enforcement of intoxicated patron and on-premise alcohol outlet compliance checks were related to large reductions in all three outcomes in the North intervention area, 33.4% for substantiations, 44.8% for total foster care entries, and 68.4% for alcohol-related foster care entries. However, these activities were not implemented in the South area. Community awareness activities appear to increase total and alcohol-related foster care entries in the South, but reduce substantiations and total foster care entries in the North. Compliance of on-premise outlets may be an effective intervention component to reduce child abuse and neglect; however, these results need replication. Further, despite the dosage of intervention components that reduced substantiations, the overall effect of the SNAPP intervention did not reduce this outcome.
酒精环境干预措施在减少虐待和忽视儿童方面的效果参差不齐。在本研究中，我们考察了萨克拉门托邻里酒精预防项目（SNAPP）特定干预组成部分的剂量如何不同地影响虐待儿童的结果。SNAPP采用了准实验性的分阶段干预设计，以减少加利福尼亚州萨克拉门托市两个经济、种族和民族多样化社区中15至29岁人群与酒精相关的问题。研究活动于1999年至2003年开展。与整个比较区域的289个普查街区组相比，干预发生在37个普查街区组（南部21个街区组，北部16个街区组）。我们的虐待儿童结果包括虐待和忽视儿童的证实情况以及与酒精相关的寄养安置总数。虐待儿童结果的数据来自萨克拉门托县儿童和家庭服务部，并使用条件自回归时空贝叶斯分析进行分析。对醉酒顾客的执法以及对营业场所酒类销售点的合规检查与北部干预区域所有三个结果的大幅减少有关，虐待儿童证实情况减少33.4%，寄养安置总数减少44.8%，与酒精相关的寄养安置减少68.4%。然而，这些活动并未在南部地区实施。社区宣传活动似乎增加了南部与酒精相关的寄养安置总数，但减少了北部的虐待儿童证实情况和寄养安置总数。营业场所的合规可能是减少虐待和忽视儿童的有效干预组成部分；然而，这些结果需要重复验证。此外，尽管干预组成部分的剂量减少了虐待儿童的证实情况，但SNAPP干预的总体效果并未降低这一结果。
