Kothawade Gajanan S, Khot Lav R, Chandel Abhilash K, Molnar Cody, Harper Scott J, Wright Alice A
Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Center for Precision and Automated Agricultural Systems, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99163, USA.
Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Virginia Tech Tidewater AREC, Suffolk, VA 23437, USA.
Sensors (Basel). 2025 Mar 25;25(7):2034. doi: 10.3390/s25072034.
Little cherry disease (LCD) and X-disease have critically impacted the Pacific Northwest sweet cherry () industry. Current detection methods rely on laborious visual scouting or molecular analyses. This study evaluates the suitability of field asymmetric ion mobility spectrometry (FAIMS) for rapid detection of LCD and X-disease infection in three sweet cherry cultivars ('Benton', 'Cristalina', and 'Tieton') at the post-harvest stage. Stem cuttings with leaves were collected from commercial orchards and greenhouse trees. FAIMS operated at 1.5 L/min and 50 kPa, was used for headspace analysis. Molecular analyses confirmed symptomatic and asymptomatic samples. FAIMS data were processed for ion current sum (I), maximum ion current (I), and area under the curve (I). Symptomatic samples showed higher ion currents in specific FAIMS regions ( < 0.05), with clear differences between symptomatic and asymptomatic samples across compensation voltage and dispersion field ranges. Cultivar-specific variation was also observed in the data. FAIMS spectra for LCD/X-disease symptomatic samples differed from those for asymptomatic samples in other Prunus species, such as peach and nectarines. These findings support FAIMS as a potential diagnostic tool for LCD/X disease. Further studies with controlled variables and key growth stages are recommended to realize early-stage detection.
小樱桃病（LCD）和X病对太平洋西北地区的甜樱桃产业造成了严重影响。目前的检测方法依赖于费力的目视巡查或分子分析。本研究评估了场不对称离子迁移谱（FAIMS）在收获后阶段快速检测三个甜樱桃品种（‘本顿’、‘克里斯塔琳娜’和‘蒂顿’）中LCD和X病感染情况的适用性。从商业果园和温室树木上采集带有叶片的茎段插条。FAIMS在1.5升/分钟和50千帕的条件下运行，用于顶空分析。分子分析确认了有症状和无症状的样本。对FAIMS数据进行处理以获得离子电流总和（I）、最大离子电流（I）和曲线下面积（I）。有症状的样本在特定的FAIMS区域显示出更高的离子电流（<0.05），在补偿电压和分散场范围内，有症状和无症状样本之间存在明显差异。在数据中还观察到了品种特异性差异。LCD/X病有症状样本的FAIMS光谱与桃和油桃等其他李属物种无症状样本的光谱不同。这些发现支持FAIMS作为LCD/X病的潜在诊断工具。建议进行更多有控制变量和关键生长阶段的研究以实现早期检测。
