Chai Liang, Cui Cheng, Zheng Benchuan, Zhang Ka, Li Yanling, Zhang Tongyun, Zhou Yongchun, Jiang Jun, Li Haojie, Zhang Jinfang, Jiang Liangcai
Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, China.
Environment-friendly Crop Germplasm Innovation and Genetic Improvement Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610066, China.
Plants (Basel). 2025 Apr 4;14(7):1125. doi: 10.3390/plants14071125.
Correct floral morphology determines the accuracy of fruit formation, which is crucial for reproductive success in higher plants. Despite this, an abnormal, multi-pistil phenotype has been observed in the flowers of many plants. In this review, we gather information on the multi-pistil phenomenon in various species and highlight potential causes, as well as possible consequences, of the trait. Our assessment of the reported multi-pistil phenotype in rice ( L.), wheat ( L.), tomato ( L.), , sweet cherry ( L.), rye ( L.), and rapeseed ( L. and L.) leads us to conclude that hybridization and mutation are the main factors that give rise to this phenotype. We also delve into the inheritance patterns of the multi-pistil phenotype and factors that influence this trait, such as nuclear-cytoplasmic interactions, temperature conditions, and shading. Finally, we discuss the effects of multi-pistil flowers on the yield of these plants. This analysis increases our understanding of floral development and lays the foundation for the potential utilization of the multi-pistil trait to increase seed production in crops.
正确的花形态决定果实形成的准确性，这对高等植物的繁殖成功至关重要。尽管如此，在许多植物的花朵中仍观察到异常的多雌蕊表型。在本综述中，我们收集了关于各种物种中多雌蕊现象的信息，并强调了该性状的潜在原因以及可能的后果。我们对水稻（L.）、小麦（L.）、番茄（L.）、甜樱桃（L.）、黑麦（L.）和油菜籽（L.和L.）中报道的多雌蕊表型的评估使我们得出结论，杂交和突变是导致这种表型的主要因素。我们还深入研究了多雌蕊表型的遗传模式以及影响该性状的因素，如核质相互作用、温度条件和遮荫。最后，我们讨论了多雌蕊花对这些植物产量的影响。这一分析增进了我们对花发育的理解，并为利用多雌蕊性状提高作物种子产量的潜在应用奠定了基础。
