Shao Lijia, Shen Lihong, Wu Junqi
Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, 321000, China.
BMC Infect Dis. 2025 Apr 12;25(1):517. doi: 10.1186/s12879-025-10932-4.
The distribution of peripheral blood lymphocytes may change due to the influence of diseases. This study aims to investigate the impact of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection on the distribution of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA).
Two hundred ninety-eight patients were recruited from a retrospective cohort of patients with RA. Patients with RA (n = 43) who had hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positivity in the serum were categorized into the HBV group (HBV-RA group), while 255 RA patients without HBsAg positivity were assigned to the control group. The patients in the HBV-RA group were further divided into two subgroups based on their levels of HBV DNA: those with levels below the lower limit of quantification (< 20 IU/ml) formed the HBV DNA group, while those with levels above or equal to this limit (≥ 20 IU/ml) constituted the HBV DNA group. Demographic, clinical and laboratory data were also collected.
Compared with those of the control group, a higher proportion of CD19 B cells and CD8 T cells and a lower CD4/CD8 ratio were observed in the HBV-RA group (all P < 0.05). The same trend was observed in the HBV DNA group compared to the HBV DNA group (all P < 0.05). Additionally, based on multivariable logistic regression analysis, the male gender, DAS-28 ≥ 2.6, a high proportion of CD19 + B and CD8 + T cells, and the elevated levels of rheumatoid factor (RF) were found to be significantly associated with RA concurrent with HBV infection (all P < 0.05). In the HBV-RA group, a correlation analysis was conducted revealing a positive association between CD19 + B cells and DAS-28 score, as well as CD8 + T cells and DAS-28 score. There was no statistically significant difference in CD4/CD8 ratio between different DAS-28 groups, however the study revealed a significant negative association between the ratio of CD4 +/CD8 + and the DAS-28 score.
The high proportion of CD19 + B and CD8 + T cells were closely associated with RA concurrent with HBV infection.
疾病的影响可能会导致外周血淋巴细胞的分布发生变化。本研究旨在探讨乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染对类风湿关节炎（RA）患者外周血淋巴细胞亚群分布的影响。
从RA患者的回顾性队列中招募了298例患者。血清中乙型肝炎表面抗原（HBsAg）呈阳性的RA患者（n = 43）被归类为HBV组（HBV-RA组），而255例无HBsAg阳性的RA患者被分配到对照组。HBV-RA组的患者根据其HBV DNA水平进一步分为两个亚组：水平低于定量下限（<20 IU/ml）的患者组成HBV DNA阴性组，而水平高于或等于此限值（≥20 IU/ml）的患者构成HBV DNA阳性组。还收集了人口统计学、临床和实验室数据。
与对照组相比，HBV-RA组中CD19+B细胞和CD8+T细胞的比例更高，CD4/CD8比值更低（所有P<0.05）。与HBV DNA阴性组相比，HBV DNA阳性组也观察到相同的趋势（所有P<0.05）。此外，基于多变量逻辑回归分析，发现男性、DAS-28≥2.6、CD19+B和CD8+T细胞比例高以及类风湿因子（RF）水平升高与RA合并HBV感染显著相关（所有P<0.05）。在HBV-RA组中，进行了相关性分析，结果显示CD19+B细胞与DAS-28评分之间以及CD8+T细胞与DAS-28评分之间呈正相关。不同DAS-28组之间的CD4/CD8比值没有统计学上的显著差异，然而该研究显示CD4+/CD8+比值与DAS-28评分之间存在显著负相关。
CD19+B和CD8+T细胞比例高与RA合并HBV感染密切相关。
