BACKGROUND

It has been reported that periodontitis was a risk factor for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of periodontitis on all-cause and cause-specific mortality of MASLD patients.

METHODS

We included 11,019 individuals with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were utilized to analyze the estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for all-cause mortality and cause-specific mortality among participants with different periods of periodontitis status. Additionally, we employed restricted cubic splines (RCS) curves to explore the dose-response relationship between clinical attachment level (CAL) and pocket probing depth (PPD) and mortality rates. Finally, a series of sensitivity analyses and stratification analyses were conducted to test the reliability and robustness of the results.

RESULTS

In this study, moderate to severe periodontitis significantly increased the all-cause mortality (HR 1.29, 95% CI 1.08-1.55; P = 0.003) and cardiovascular disease (CVD)-related mortality (HR 1.41, 95% CI 1.10-1.79; P = 0.006) among MASLD participants. However, no significant effects of different periodontal statuses on cancer mortality were observed among MASLD participants.

CONCLUSIONS

A nationwide large-sample longitudinal study indicated that MASLD patients with moderate to severe periodontitis experienced significantly higher all-cause and CVD-related mortality rates compared to those with no or mild periodontitis.