Sofroniew M V
Neuroscience. 1985 Jun;15(2):347-58. doi: 10.1016/0306-4522(85)90217-9.
The distribution and morphology of neurons containing vasopressin, oxytocin and their associated neurophysins were examined immunohistochemically in rats given intracerebroventricular injections of colchicine. Under these conditions, numerous neurons containing vasopressin and neurophysin were found in several brain areas in addition to those previously described in the hypothalamus. Individual parvocellular vasopressin neurons were scattered in the medial and lateral septum and vertical limb of the nucleus of the diagonal band, while a large number of such neurons were found throughout both the bed nucleus of the stria terminals and the dorsal portion of the medial amygdala. In addition a small cluster of parvocellular vasopressin neurons was present adjacent to the top of the third ventricle in the posterior dorsal hypothalamic area and a number of such neurons were found in the ventral locus coeruleus and sub coeruleus. The mean diameters of these parvocellular vasopressin neurons ranged from 16.6 to 19.8 micron in the different regions, in contrast to the 25.4 micron mean diameter of hypothalamic magnocellular vasopressin neurons, or the 13.7 micron mean diameter of parvocellular vasopressin neurons in the suprachiasmatic nucleus. No vasopressin neurons were found in other brain and spinal cord regions under the conditions used in this study, although all regions were examined. No oxytocin neurons other than those previously described in the hypothalamus and immediately contiguous regions were found. Measurement of the mean diameter of oxytocin neurons showed that neurons in the caudal paraventricular nucleus were clearly smaller (18.9 micron) than magnocellular oxytocin neurons (24.8 micron) in other parts of the hypothalamus. These parvocellular oxytocin neurons with experimentally documented central connections were similar in both size and appearance to the parvocellular vasopressin neurons seen after colchicine treatment, which are potential sources of certain central vasopressin pathways. These findings indicate that there are at least two types of oxytocin neurons in the hypothalamus and several types of vasopressin neurons in a variety of different areas in the brain, many of which are outside of the hypothalamus.
对经脑室内注射秋水仙碱的大鼠，采用免疫组织化学方法检查了含血管加压素、催产素及其相关神经垂体素的神经元的分布和形态。在这些条件下，除了先前在下丘脑中描述的区域外，在几个脑区发现了大量含血管加压素和神经垂体素的神经元。单个小细胞血管加压素神经元散在于内侧和外侧隔区以及斜角带核的垂直支，而在终纹床核和杏仁内侧核的背侧部分均发现大量此类神经元。此外，在背侧下丘脑后区第三脑室顶部附近有一小群小细胞血管加压素神经元，在蓝斑腹侧和蓝斑下也发现了一些此类神经元。这些小细胞血管加压素神经元在不同区域的平均直径范围为16.6至19.8微米，相比之下，下丘脑大细胞血管加压素神经元的平均直径为25.4微米，或视交叉上核中小细胞血管加压素神经元的平均直径为13.7微米。在本研究使用的条件下，尽管检查了所有脑区和脊髓区域，但在其他脑区和脊髓区域未发现血管加压素神经元。除了先前在下丘脑及其紧邻区域中描述的神经元外，未发现其他催产素神经元。对催产素神经元平均直径的测量表明，尾侧室旁核中的神经元（18.9微米）明显小于下丘脑其他部位的大细胞催产素神经元（24.8微米）。这些经实验证明具有中枢联系的小细胞催产素神经元在大小和外观上与秋水仙碱处理后所见的小细胞血管加压素神经元相似，而后者是某些中枢血管加压素通路的潜在来源。这些发现表明，下丘脑至少存在两种类型的催产素神经元，并且在大脑的各种不同区域存在几种类型的血管加压素神经元，其中许多区域在下丘脑之外。
