Batino Martina, Fiorini Jacopo, Frigerio Simona, Sili Alessandro, Zaghini Francesco
Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
Nursing Department, Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
J Nurs Manag. 2025 Mar 18;2025:8165533. doi: 10.1155/jonm/8165533. eCollection 2025.
Acquired competencies, skills, and abilities can lead professionals into an overqualification situation that is associated with absenteeism, desire to abandon the respective profession, negative work performance, and interpersonal conflicts. To develop and validate the Italian version of Maynard's Scale of Perceived Overqualification (SPOQ). The SPOQ was linguistically and culturally adapted to develop and validate an Italian version (SPOQ-IT), calculating a content validity index and testing the scale validity with a cross-validation approach using Cronbach's alpha, exploratory, and confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs). The SPOQ-IT had a good content validity index. Two dimensions ("overqualification" and "underemployment") emerged from the exploratory and CFA. Age, gender, and working years affected the overqualification and underemployment perception in the Italian nursing profession. The SPOQ-IT has good psychometric properties and demonstrated that acquired competencies, skills, and abilities are often underexploited in the Italian nursing profession, leading to overqualification and underemployment perceptions. Nursing managers should govern and monitor the overeducation and its effects on organizational and patients' outcomes because the implementation of acquired competencies, skills, and abilities improves work performance and the quality of nursing care and avoids underemployment condition.
获得的能力、技能和才干可能会使专业人员陷入资质过高的状况，这种状况与旷工、想要放弃各自职业、负面工作表现以及人际冲突相关。为了开发和验证梅纳德的感知资质过高量表（SPOQ）的意大利语版本。对SPOQ进行了语言和文化方面的调整，以开发和验证意大利语版本（SPOQ-IT），计算内容效度指数，并使用克朗巴赫α系数、探索性因素分析和验证性因素分析（CFA）的交叉验证方法来测试量表效度。SPOQ-IT具有良好的内容效度指数。探索性分析和CFA得出了两个维度（“资质过高”和“就业不足”）。年龄、性别和工作年限影响了意大利护理行业对资质过高和就业不足的认知。SPOQ-IT具有良好的心理测量特性，并表明在意大利护理行业中，获得的能力、技能和才干常常未得到充分利用，从而导致对资质过高和就业不足的认知。护理管理者应该管理和监测过度教育及其对组织和患者结局的影响，因为运用获得的能力、技能和才干可以提高工作绩效和护理质量，并避免就业不足的情况。
