Allen Brianna, Klibert Jeffrey, van Zyl Llewellyn E
Department of Psychology, Georgia Southern University, USA.
Human Performance Management, University of Eindhoven, Netherlands.
Depress Anxiety. 2023 Nov 10;2023:6659030. doi: 10.1155/2023/6659030. eCollection 2023.
Poverty-related stress plays a pivotal role in mediating the impact of poverty on behavioral health outcomes. However, existing research on adult poverty-related stress suffers from limited scope and inadequate measurement approaches. To address these shortcomings, our study undertakes a comprehensive investigation to develop and validate a multidimensional Poverty-Related Stress Scale (PRSS).
A multistudy research design was employed to develop and validate the PRSS. Study 1 ( = 206) established a multidimensional framework for poverty-related stress by exploring the factor structure and internal consistency of our measure. Study 2 ( = 400) evaluated nuanced psychometric properties, including factorial validity, internal consistency, and temporal invariance, using confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) and modern exploratory structural equation models (ESEM). Lastly, Study 3 ( = 470/219) examined the criterion validity of our scale by investigating its concurrent and predictive relationships with depression, anxiety, and flourishing.
The findings consistently supported a hierarchal ESEM model for overall poverty-related stress, reflecting the dynamic interaction among three stressors: noise disturbance, housing dysfunction, and financial distress. This model exhibited temporal invariance, with different studies reliably measuring distinct components of poverty-related stress. Concurrent validity was demonstrated by significant associations between overall poverty-related stress and theoretically relevant constructs, such as depression, anxiety, and flourishing, at different time points. Additionally, predictive validity was established, showing poverty-related stress measured at time 1 accounted for variations in depression, anxiety, and flourishing at time 2. The results provide robust evidence for the validity and reliability of the PRSS as a tool for measuring poverty-related stress and its underlying factors.
Our findings offer compelling preliminary support for the utility of our measure. Further research and potential clinical applications are discussed to deepen the understanding of poverty-related stress and its implications for behavioral health outcomes.
与贫困相关的压力在介导贫困对行为健康结果的影响方面起着关键作用。然而，现有的关于成人贫困相关压力的研究存在范围有限和测量方法不足的问题。为了解决这些缺点，我们的研究进行了全面调查，以开发和验证一个多维的贫困相关压力量表（PRSS）。
采用多研究设计来开发和验证PRSS。研究1（n = 206）通过探索我们测量方法的因素结构和内部一致性，建立了一个与贫困相关压力的多维框架。研究2（n = 400）使用验证性因素分析（CFA）和现代探索性结构方程模型（ESEM）评估了细微的心理测量特性，包括因素效度、内部一致性和时间不变性。最后，研究3（n = 470/219）通过研究其与抑郁、焦虑和幸福的同时性和预测关系，检验了我们量表的效标效度。
研究结果一致支持了一个关于总体贫困相关压力的层次ESEM模型，反映了三个压力源之间的动态相互作用：噪音干扰、住房功能障碍和经济困境。该模型表现出时间不变性，不同的研究可靠地测量了贫困相关压力的不同组成部分。总体贫困相关压力与理论上相关的构念（如抑郁、焦虑和幸福）在不同时间点之间的显著关联证明了同时效度。此外，还建立了预测效度，表明在时间1测量的贫困相关压力解释了时间2抑郁、焦虑和幸福的变化。这些结果为PRSS作为测量贫困相关压力及其潜在因素的工具的有效性和可靠性提供了有力证据。
我们的研究结果为我们测量方法的效用提供了令人信服的初步支持。讨论了进一步的研究和潜在的临床应用，以加深对贫困相关压力及其对行为健康结果影响的理解。
