儿童注意缺陷多动障碍与变应性鼻炎的危险因素分析：一项横断面研究。
Risk factors analysis of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and allergic rhinitis in children: a cross-sectional study.
机构信息
Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, College West Road No. 109, Wenzhou, 325027, Zhejiang, China.
出版信息
Ital J Pediatr. 2019 Aug 13;45(1):99. doi: 10.1186/s13052-019-0703-1.
BACKGROUND
To investigate the relationship between symptom of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and allergic rhinitis (AR) in AR children of different genders and ages.
METHODS
Four hundred and sixty-five allergic rhinitis children aged 6-12 years old were recruited in this study. Skin-prick test, Pediatric Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (PRQLQ), Total Nasal Symptoms Score (TNSS) and the Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham version IV scale (SNAP-IV) were recorded. Patients were divided into AR with ADHD and AR without ADHD, according to the SNAP-IV scale results.
RESULTS
Children with the inattention/hyperactivity scale (IHS) > 1.25 accounted for 26.4% of all children with AR. The TNSS with IHS > 1.25 group were significantly higher than the IHS ≤ 1.25 group. Univariate analysis showed that age, gender, duration of AR symptoms, skin index, and PRQLQ subscales were associated with symptoms of hyperactivity and attention deficit (IHS > 1.25). After normalizing the age and gender factors, duration of AR symptoms and skin index correlated with IHS > 1.25. After stratifying age and gender, the correlation between IHS > 1.25 and skin index and PRQLQ subscales was mainly found in male children, and the association between the duration of AR symptoms and IHS > 1.25 was reflected in each group.
CONCLUSIONS
ADHD in children with AR is associated with severity, duration, and skin index of AR, and this association is more pronounced in male children.
背景
探讨不同性别和年龄的变应性鼻炎（AR）儿童注意力缺陷/多动障碍（ADHD）症状与变应性鼻炎之间的关系。
方法
本研究纳入 465 例 6-12 岁的变应性鼻炎患儿。进行皮肤点刺试验、儿童鼻结膜炎生活质量问卷（PRQLQ）、总鼻症状评分（TNSS）和斯旺森、诺兰和佩勒姆第四版量表（SNAP-IV）评分。根据 SNAP-IV 量表结果，将患者分为伴有 ADHD 的 AR 组和不伴有 ADHD 的 AR 组。
结果
所有 AR 患儿中，注意力不集中/多动量表（IHS）>1.25 的患儿占 26.4%。IHS>1.25 组的 TNSS 明显高于 IHS≤1.25 组。单因素分析显示，年龄、性别、AR 症状持续时间、皮肤指数和 PRQLQ 亚量表与多动和注意力缺陷症状有关（IHS>1.25）。在归一化年龄和性别因素后，AR 症状持续时间和皮肤指数与 IHS>1.25 相关。在按年龄和性别分层后，发现 IHS>1.25 与皮肤指数和 PRQLQ 亚量表的相关性主要见于男性患儿，而 AR 症状持续时间与 IHS>1.25 的相关性则在各年龄组均存在。
结论
AR 患儿的 ADHD 与 AR 的严重程度、持续时间和皮肤指数有关，这种相关性在男性患儿中更为明显。
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