Boulfous Nassiba, Belattar Hakima, Ambra Roberto, Pastore Gianni, Ghorab Asma
Laboratory of Natural Sciences and Materials, Institute of Natural Sciences and Life, University Center Abdelhafid Boussouf, Mila 43000, Algeria.
CREA (Council for Agricultural Research and Economics), Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, 00178 Rome, Italy.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2025 Feb 28;14(3):291. doi: 10.3390/antiox14030291.
Bee pollen is a complex mixture of floral pollen, and nectar fused substances from bee saliva. It is well known for its high content of proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, vitamins, and phenolic compounds, among various other physiologically active components. Its composition varies significantly depending on its botanical sources and environmental conditions. This study investigates the relationship between the botanical origins, chemical compositions, and antioxidant activities of 15 bee pollen samples collected from different areas in the Mila region of northeastern Algeria. The botanical origins were identified using a palynological method, categorizing 11 samples as monofloral and the rest as polyfloral. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents were measured, and their antioxidant capacities were evaluated through DPPH radical scavenging assay, reducing power assay (FRAP), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). HPLC analysis was conducted to measure 17 phenolic compounds. The data indicated that the total phenolic content (TPC) and flavonoid content (TFC) ranged from 7.72 ± 0.29 to 23.49 ± 1.48 mg GAE/g and from 1.48 ± 0.00 to 5.57 ± 0.27 mg QE/g of pollen, respectively. The variations in the concentration of bioactive compounds among samples led to significant differences in their antioxidant activities: DPPH (IC: 1.12 ± 0.15 to 0.21 ± 0.00 mg/mL), FRAP (EC: 0.06 ± 0.00 to 0.29 ± 0.00 mg/mL), and TAC (262.17 ± 3.41 to 677.14 ± 12.81 EAA mg/100 g of bee pollen), with the most active samples being monofloral types from type and type. A strong correlation was observed between TPC, TFC, and antioxidant activity. Among the 17 tested compounds, only coumaric acid, rutin, myricetin, naringenin, resveratrol, and kaempferol were detected. In conclusion, both monofloral and polyfloral bee pollen samples represent a rich source of polyphenols with significant antioxidant potential.
蜂花粉是花的花粉、花蜜与蜜蜂唾液融合而成的复杂混合物。它以富含蛋白质、碳水化合物、脂质、维生素和酚类化合物以及其他多种生理活性成分而闻名。其成分因植物来源和环境条件的不同而有显著差异。本研究调查了从阿尔及利亚东北部米拉地区不同区域采集的15份蜂花粉样本的植物来源、化学成分和抗氧化活性之间的关系。采用孢粉学方法确定植物来源，将11份样本归类为单花型，其余归类为多花型。测定了总酚和黄酮含量，并通过DPPH自由基清除试验、还原力试验（FRAP）和总抗氧化能力（TAC）评估其抗氧化能力。进行高效液相色谱分析以测定17种酚类化合物。数据表明，花粉的总酚含量（TPC）和黄酮含量（TFC）分别为7.72±0.29至23.49±1.48毫克没食子酸当量/克和1.48±0.00至5.57±0.27毫克槲皮素当量/克。样本中生物活性化合物浓度的变化导致其抗氧化活性存在显著差异：DPPH（IC：1.12±0.15至0.21±0.00毫克/毫升）、FRAP（EC：0.06±0.00至0.29±0.00毫克/毫升）和TAC（262.17±3.41至677.14±12.81等效抗氧化活性毫克/100克蜂花粉），活性最强的样本是某类型和某类型的单花型。TPC、TFC与抗氧化活性之间存在强相关性。在17种被测化合物中，仅检测到香豆酸、芦丁、杨梅素、柚皮素、白藜芦醇和山奈酚。总之，单花型和多花型蜂花粉样本均是具有显著抗氧化潜力的丰富多酚来源。
