Azzolin Vitória Farina, Azzolin Verônica Farina, Ribeiro Euler Esteves, Sasso Juliane Santiago, Siqueira Douglas Reis, Cardoso de Afonso Bonotto Nathalia, Turra Bárbara Osmarin, Montano Marco Aurélio Echart, Ribeiro Ednea Aguiar Maia, de Souza Praia Raquel, Mânica-Cattani Maria Fernanda, Maranghello Cristina, Maia Railla da Silva, Dos Santos Erickson Oliveira, Gonzalez Pedro Luis Sosa, Costa Cleideane Cunha, Nascimento Vanusa, Barbisan Fernanda, da Cruz Ivana Beatrice Mânica
Research, Teaching and Technological Development Center, Fundação Universidade Aberta da Terceira Idade, Manaus 69029-040, Brazil.
Graduate Program in Biotechnology, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus 69080-900, Brazil.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2025 Mar 15;14(3):348. doi: 10.3390/antiox14030348.
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder linked to oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and neuroinflammation. This study evaluates the neurofunctional and immunomodulatory effects of an aqueous extract combining cocoa seed husk and guarana powder (GuaCa). Eighteen extracts were characterized by flavonoid and polyphenol content, antioxidant activity, and genoprotective potential. The HCE3 extract, rich in catechins, quercetin, and epigallocatechin gallate, was selected for further analysis in three models: earthworms, SH-SY5Y neuron-like cells, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from PD patients.
The extracts showed antioxidant and genoprotective activity and contained flavonoid. No significant toxicity was observed in . In SH-SY5Y cells, GuaCa increased cell viability and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels and reduced mitochondrial damage by lowering extracellular NDUSF7 (subunit of the NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) complex) levels. In dPD-PBMCs cultures, GuaCa reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 levels, indicating immunomodulatory effects.
GuaCa shows promise as a nutraceutical for managing neuroinflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction in PD. Further clinical studies are needed to confirm GuaCa extract efficacy and potential for neuroprotective dietary strategies.
帕金森病（PD）是一种与氧化应激、线粒体功能障碍和神经炎症相关的进行性神经退行性疾病。本研究评估了可可种皮和瓜拉那种子粉组合的水提取物（GuaCa）的神经功能和免疫调节作用。对18种提取物进行了黄酮类化合物和多酚含量、抗氧化活性及基因保护潜力的表征。选择富含儿茶素、槲皮素和表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯的HCE3提取物，在三种模型中进行进一步分析：蚯蚓、SH-SY5Y神经样细胞以及来自帕金森病患者的外周血单个核细胞（PBMC）。
提取物显示出抗氧化和基因保护活性，且含有黄酮类化合物。在……中未观察到明显毒性。在SH-SY5Y细胞中，GuaCa通过降低细胞外NDUSF7（烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸脱氢酶（泛醌）复合物的亚基）水平，提高了细胞活力和脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）水平，并减少了线粒体损伤。在帕金森病患者外周血单个核细胞（dPD-PBMC）培养物中，GuaCa降低了促炎细胞因子IL-6水平，表明其具有免疫调节作用。
GuaCa有望作为一种营养保健品用于管理帕金森病中的神经炎症和线粒体功能障碍。需要进一步的临床研究来证实GuaCa提取物的疗效以及神经保护饮食策略的潜力。
