Zin May Thu, Kaewkod Thida, Chaipoot Supakit, Kanthakat Gochakorn, Chen Yan-Yu, Cheirsilp Benjamas, Srinuanpan Sirasit
Master of Science Program in Applied Microbiology (International Program), Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2025 Mar 19;14(3):365. doi: 10.3390/antiox14030365.
, a cyanobacterial biomass, is renowned for its high protein content and bioactive compounds, making it a promising candidate for health-promoting applications. This study explores the ultrasound-assisted deep eutectic solvent (DES) extraction technique for isolating antioxidants and anticancer proteins from biomass, aiming to enhance extraction efficiency and preserve protein bioactivity. The extraction process was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM), varying parameters such as biomass concentration, sonication amplitude, and extraction duration. The optimized extraction conditions-5% biomass concentration, 40% sonication amplitude, and 22-minute extraction-achieved a high protein yield of 80.62%, with a protein concentration of 442.88 mg/g extract and an essential amino acid content of 39.91%. The extracted proteins exhibited remarkable bioactivity, including strong antioxidant properties, with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity of 0.25 mg GAE/g, 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity of 0.58 mg TE/g, and ferric reducing antioxidant power (PFRAP) of 9.63 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g. Additionally, the protein extract displayed selective cytotoxicity against colorectal cancer cell lines, with half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC) values of 10.25 mg/mL for Caco-2 and 15.40 mg/mL for HT-29 cells, while maintaining low toxicity towards normal Vero cells. Apoptosis rates of 70.43% in Caco-2 and 51.33% in HT-29 cells further confirm the anticancer potential of the extract. The functional properties of the extracted protein, including high foaming capacity (100%), emulsifying capacity (94.05%), and digestibility (85.77%), underscore its potential for diverse applications in food, pharmaceutical, and nutraceutical industries. This eco-friendly and efficient extraction approach aligns with sustainable development goals and offers a viable strategy for harnessing 's bioactive potential.
作为一种蓝藻生物质，因其高蛋白含量和生物活性化合物而闻名，使其成为促进健康应用的有前途的候选者。本研究探索了超声辅助深共熔溶剂（DES）萃取技术，用于从生物质中分离抗氧化剂和抗癌蛋白，旨在提高萃取效率并保留蛋白质生物活性。使用响应面法（RSM）对萃取过程进行了优化，改变了生物质浓度、超声振幅和萃取时间等参数。优化后的萃取条件——5%生物质浓度、40%超声振幅和22分钟萃取时间——实现了80.62%的高蛋白产量，蛋白质浓度为442.88毫克/克提取物，必需氨基酸含量为39.91%。提取的蛋白质表现出显著的生物活性，包括强大的抗氧化性能，2,2-二苯基-1-苦基肼（DPPH）自由基清除活性为0.25毫克GAE/克，2,2'-偶氮-双（3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸）（ABTS）自由基清除活性为0.58毫克TE/克，以及铁还原抗氧化能力（PFRAP）为9.63毫克没食子酸当量（GAE）/克。此外，蛋白质提取物对结肠癌细胞系表现出选择性细胞毒性，对Caco-2细胞的半数最大抑制浓度（IC）值为10.25毫克/毫升，对HT-29细胞为15.40毫克/毫升，同时对正常Vero细胞保持低毒性。Caco-2细胞的凋亡率为70.43%，HT-29细胞的凋亡率为51.33%，进一步证实了提取物的抗癌潜力。提取蛋白质的功能特性，包括高发泡能力（100%）、乳化能力（94.05%）和消化率（85.77%），突出了其在食品、制药和营养保健品行业多种应用的潜力。这种环保且高效的萃取方法符合可持续发展目标，并为利用的生物活性潜力提供了可行的策略。
