Adelaide Dental School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.
Glaxosmithkline Consumer Healthcare, Weybridge, UK.
JDR Clin Trans Res. 2022 Oct;7(4):334-351. doi: 10.1177/23800844211026608. Epub 2021 Jul 2.
A key purpose of denture provision is to enable eating, yet the body of evidence pertaining to the impact of dentures on wide-ranging nutritional outcomes has not been systematically reviewed.
To systematically review published evidence pertaining to the effect of wearing removable dental prosthesis on dietary intake, nutritional status, eating function, and eating related-quality of life (ERQoL).
Eight questions relating to the impact of wearing dentures on nutritional outcomes were addressed. The target population was healthy adults aged ≥18 y. Data sources included Medline, Embase, CINAHL, and PubMed. Included were all human epidemiologic studies. The Newcastle-Ottawa score was used for appraisal of study quality. Harvest plots, vote counting, and accompanying narrative provided the basis for synthesis.
Of the 1,245 records identified, 134 were retrieved and eligibility assessed by 2 reviewers, and 41 studies were included in the synthesis (14 rated good quality, 20 fair, and 7 poor). The balance of data supported a positive impact of wearing full (5/7 studies) or partial (3/3 studies) dentures (vs. no dentures) on nutritional status, though no clear direction of effect was detected for the impact of dentures on dietary intake. The balance of data clearly showed that objective measures of eating function were compromised in full (14/15 studies) and partial (6/7 studies) denture wearers as compared with the dentate. Data showed that ERQoL was also compromised in denture wearers as compared with the dentate (3/3 studies). However, data showed a positive impact of wearing dentures on ERQoL (5/5 studies) as opposed to wearing no dentures.
The balance of evidence shows that despite no clear pattern on impact of wearing dentures on measured dietary intake, in those with tooth loss, wearing dentures can have a positive impact on nutritional status and enjoyment of eating.
The results of this systematic review can be used to advocate for health care services to address prosthodontic need to benefit nutritional outcomes. The findings will be of use in educating health care professionals on the impact of wearing dentures and not addressing prosthodontic need on nutritional outcomes.
义齿修复的一个主要目的是实现进食功能，但关于义齿对广泛的营养结局的影响的证据还没有经过系统的审查。
系统地回顾已发表的关于可摘义齿佩戴对饮食摄入、营养状况、进食功能和与进食相关的生活质量（ERQoL）影响的证据。
针对佩戴义齿对营养结局的影响提出了 8 个问题。目标人群为年龄≥18 岁的健康成年人。数据来源包括 Medline、Embase、CINAHL 和 PubMed。纳入的所有研究都是人类流行病学研究。使用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表评估研究质量。收割图、投票计数和伴随的叙述为综合提供了依据。
在确定的 1245 条记录中，由 2 名评审员检索并评估了 134 篇记录，41 项研究纳入了综合分析（14 项为高质量、20 项为中等质量、7 项为低质量）。数据的综合结果支持佩戴全口义齿（7/7 项研究）或局部义齿（3/3 项研究）（而非无义齿）对营养状况有积极影响，但佩戴义齿对饮食摄入的影响方向尚不明确。数据综合结果清楚地表明，与有牙者相比，全口义齿佩戴者（15/15 项研究）和局部义齿佩戴者（6/7 项研究）的进食功能的客观测量指标受到损害。数据还表明，与有牙者相比，义齿佩戴者的生活质量也受到损害（3/3 项研究）。然而，数据显示佩戴义齿对生活质量有积极影响（5/5 项研究），而不是不佩戴义齿。
综合证据表明，尽管佩戴义齿对测量饮食摄入的影响没有明确的模式，但对于缺牙者，佩戴义齿可以对营养状况和进食享受产生积极影响。
本系统评价的结果可用于倡导医疗保健服务以解决义齿修复需求，从而改善营养结局。这些结果将有助于教育医疗保健专业人员了解佩戴义齿的影响，以及不解决义齿修复需求对营养结局的影响。
