Maslin Mark, Ramnath Raina D, Welsh Gavin I, Sisodiya Sanjay M
Department of Geography, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
Bristol Renal, Bristol Medical School, Bristol, BSA 3NY, UK.
Future Healthc J. 2025 Mar 31;12(1):100240. doi: 10.1016/j.fhj.2025.100240. eCollection 2025 Mar.
The climate crisis is the greatest threat to global health. Anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions have increased the temperature of the Earth by over 1.5 °C and caused sea levels to rise by over 24 cm since the beginning of the 20th century. 2024 was the warmest year on record and the last 10 hottest years have all occurred in the last 10 years. Climate models suggest that global surface temperature could rise between 1.5 °C and 5.5 °C compared with the pre-industrial period by 2100, and sea-level rise could be between 0.5 m and 1.3 m. Climate change is already causing significant shifts in weather patterns and an increase in extreme weather events around the world, including droughts, heatwaves, wildfires, storms and floods. These are having an impact on the spread of infectious diseases and the severity of non-infectious diseases. Climate change is already causing food and water insecurity, increasing levels of malnourishment and the burden of disease. The unpredictable impacts of climate change and the perceived inaction from local, national and international leaders, is creating anxiety that is contributing to deteriorating mental health, particularly in young people. The health impacts of climate change will increase in the future if nothing is done to curb greenhouse gas emission. We need action to deal with the climate crisis while improving the health, security and income of the very poorest people in our global society. We must plan for a net zero world that provides healthy, safe and low environmental impact lives for 10 billion people by 2050.
气候危机是对全球健康的最大威胁。自20世纪初以来，人为温室气体排放使地球温度上升了超过1.5摄氏度，海平面上升了超过24厘米。2024年是有记录以来最热的一年，过去10个最热年份均出现在过去10年。气候模型显示，到2100年，全球地表温度可能比工业化前时期上升1.5摄氏度至5.5摄氏度，海平面上升可能在0.5米至1.3米之间。气候变化已经导致全球天气模式发生重大变化，极端天气事件增加，包括干旱、热浪、野火、风暴和洪水。这些正在影响传染病的传播和非传染病的严重程度。气候变化已经导致粮食和水不安全，营养不良水平上升和疾病负担加重。气候变化不可预测的影响以及地方、国家和国际领导人被认为的不作为，正在引发焦虑，这导致心理健康恶化，尤其是在年轻人中。如果不采取措施遏制温室气体排放，气候变化对健康的影响在未来将会增加。我们需要采取行动应对气候危机，同时改善全球社会最贫困人口的健康、安全和收入。我们必须规划一个到2050年为100亿人提供健康、安全且对环境影响低的生活的净零世界。
