Oliveira Rodrigo Cunha, Monteiro-Cunha Joana Paixão
Departamento de Bioquímica e Biofísica, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brasil.
Braz J Microbiol. 2025 Jun;56(2):883-892. doi: 10.1007/s42770-025-01629-6. Epub 2025 Apr 16.
The Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 (HIV-1) is characterized by high rates of genetic diversity, being classified into groups, subtypes and recombinant forms. To date, 15 Circulating Recombinant Forms (CRFs) of subtypes B and C have been identified, three of them in 2021: CRF108_BC in Spain, CRF110_BC and CRF118_BC in China and one in 2024: CRF146_BC in Brazil. This study investigated the genetic diversity among circulating BC recombinant viruses. Near-Full Length Genomes (NFLG) of 229 BC strains were retrieved from the Los Alamos database. Recombination and phylogenetic analysis were conducted using bioinformatics tools. Sequences were obtained from 17 countries between 1992 and 2022. Fifteen CRFs and 81 distinct Unique Recombinant Forms (URFs) recombination patterns were identified. Preferential recombination points were found in pol (66.7%) and env (62.5%) genes, while subtype C is the predominant genetic form in gag, vif, vpr, tat, rev, tat2, rev2, nef and 3'-LTR genomic regions. Specific positions in pol and env genes maintain the B subtype, which may be related to the acquisition of adaptive advantage over subtype C.
人类免疫缺陷病毒1型(HIV-1)的特点是基因多样性高,可分为组、亚型和重组形式。迄今为止,已鉴定出15种B型和C型的循环重组形式(CRF),其中2021年鉴定出3种:西班牙的CRF108_BC、中国的CRF110_BC和CRF118_BC,2024年鉴定出1种:巴西的CRF146_BC。本研究调查了循环BC重组病毒之间的基因多样性。从洛斯阿拉莫斯数据库中检索了229株BC毒株的近全长基因组(NFLG)。使用生物信息学工具进行重组和系统发育分析。序列来自1992年至2022年间的17个国家。鉴定出15种CRF和81种不同的独特重组形式(URF)重组模式。在pol(66.7%)和env(62.5%)基因中发现了优先重组点,而C亚型是gag、vif、vpr、tat、rev、tat2、rev2、nef和3'-LTR基因组区域中的主要遗传形式。pol和env基因中的特定位置保持B亚型,这可能与获得相对于C亚型的适应性优势有关。