Kudrna Laura, Yates James, Alidu Lailah, Hemming Karla, Quinn Laura, Schmidtke Kelly Ann, Jones Janet, Al-Khudairy Lena, Jolly Kate, Bird Paul, Campbell Niyah, Bharatan Ila, Latuszynska Agnieszka, Currie Graeme, Lilford Richard
Department of Applied Health Sciences, University of Birmingham, Murray Learning Centre, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, School of Nursing and Advanced Practice, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L2 2ER, UK.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2025 Mar 8;22(3):398. doi: 10.3390/ijerph22030398.
Previous research suggests a goal-based intervention called 'mental contrasting and implementation intentions' improves participants' health and wellbeing. The present study sought to extend these findings to workplaces in the United Kingdom. A mixed-methods cluster randomised controlled trial was conducted with 28 workplaces and 225 staff. All participants deliberated on wishes (potential goals) about improving their health and wellbeing. In the intervention arm, participants were guided to think about the benefits and obstacles to achieving a wish (mental contrasting) and to plan actions to overcome these obstacles (implementation intentions). The results showed no substantive effect of the intervention on average self-reported progress towards what they wished to do for their health and wellbeing four weeks later (mean difference on a 1-7 scale: -0.19; 95% credible interval: -1.08-0.71). Unexpectedly, anxiety increased, and we found evidence that might suggest people identifying as men or of Asian ethnicity made less progress in the intervention group. To explain the results, qualitative focus group data were analysed, guided by normalisation process theory (NPT) and the behaviour change wheel (BCW). Three key themes emerged: insufficient differentiation from other approaches using writing/drawing (NPT), a mismatch between an internal motivational intervention and external barriers (NPT/BCW), and poor timing of opportunities (NPT/BCW). The discussion explores how these results can enhance future workplace health and wellbeing initiatives.
先前的研究表明，一种名为“心理对照与执行意图”的基于目标的干预措施能够改善参与者的健康和幸福感。本研究旨在将这些研究结果推广至英国的工作场所。我们对28个工作场所的225名员工开展了一项混合方法整群随机对照试验。所有参与者都思考了关于改善自身健康和幸福感的愿望（潜在目标）。在干预组中，参与者被引导思考实现某个愿望的益处和障碍（心理对照），并规划克服这些障碍的行动（执行意图）。结果显示，四周后，干预措施对参与者自我报告的在改善自身健康和幸福感方面的平均进展没有实质性影响（1-7分制的平均差异：-0.19；95%可信区间：-1.08-0.71）。出乎意料的是，焦虑情绪有所增加，而且我们发现有证据表明，干预组中男性或亚洲族裔的人取得的进展较少。为了解释这些结果，我们在归一化过程理论（NPT）和行为改变轮（BCW）的指导下，对定性焦点小组数据进行了分析。出现了三个关键主题：与其他使用写作/绘画的方法区分不足（NPT）、内部动机干预与外部障碍之间的不匹配（NPT/BCW）以及机会时机不佳（NPT/BCW）。讨论部分探讨了这些结果如何能够改进未来的工作场所健康和幸福感倡议。
