Appolon Giovanni E, Suess Samantha, Xayavong Alice, Galvez Nicolas Lopez, Dodder Nathan G, Hoh Eunha, Quintana Penelope J E, Oren Eyal
School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA.
Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2025 Mar 7;22(3):388. doi: 10.3390/ijerph22030388.
Although the use of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) among youth has declined since its peak in 2018, it remains popular among young adults. Despite its popularity, research on the health effects of secondhand exposure to ENDS remains limited. Silicone wristbands offer a simple, cost-effective method for measuring nicotine exposure. The study employed a quasi-experimental design and recruited six dyads consisting of ENDS users and non-users. Over three consecutive months, all participants wore silicone wristbands for one week at a time to assess nicotine exposure. ENDS users had a higher overall median nicotine concentration in their silicone wristbands (423.2 ng/g, IQR: 199.2-669.1) compared to non-users (17.2 ng/g, IQR: 6.5-128.0). This trend was consistent across all time points. Statistically significant differences between ENDS users and non-users were observed during months 1 and 2 (-values = 0.0303 and 0.0411, respectively), but not during month 3 (-value = 0.2468). Similar trends were observed in urinary cotinine levels, with higher medians among ENDS users (1013.0 ng/mL, IQL: 442.0-1490.0) compared to non-users (1.3 ng/mL, IQL: 1.0-1.4). A significant correlation was found between urinary cotinine and wristband nicotine levels only in non-users (r = 0.69, -value = 0.0017). Silicone wristbands worn by non-users can detect secondhand nicotine exposure and are significantly correlated with urinary cotinine.
尽管自2018年达到峰值以来，青少年中电子尼古丁传送系统（ENDS）的使用有所下降，但它在年轻成年人中仍然很受欢迎。尽管其很受欢迎，但关于二手接触ENDS对健康影响的研究仍然有限。硅胶腕带提供了一种简单、经济高效的测量尼古丁接触的方法。该研究采用了准实验设计，招募了由ENDS使用者和非使用者组成的六个二元组。在连续三个月的时间里，所有参与者每次佩戴硅胶腕带一周，以评估尼古丁接触情况。与非使用者（17.2纳克/克，四分位距：6.5 - 128.0）相比，ENDS使用者硅胶腕带中的总体尼古丁浓度中位数更高（423.2纳克/克，四分位距：199.2 - 669.1）。这一趋势在所有时间点都是一致的。在第1个月和第2个月观察到ENDS使用者和非使用者之间存在统计学显著差异（-值分别为0.0303和0.0411），但在第3个月没有观察到（-值 = 0.2468）。在尿可替宁水平上也观察到了类似趋势，ENDS使用者的中位数高于非使用者（1013.0纳克/毫升，四分位距：442.0 - 1490.0），而非使用者为（1.3纳克/毫升，四分位距：1.0 - 1.4）。仅在非使用者中发现尿可替宁与腕带尼古丁水平之间存在显著相关性（r = 0.69，-值 = 0.0017）。非使用者佩戴的硅胶腕带可以检测二手尼古丁接触，并且与尿可替宁显著相关。
