Li Junxing, Chang Jiang, Ma Jiangang, Zhou Wei, Yang Yue, Wu Jing, Guan Chunjiu, Yuan Xiufang, Xu Lihua, Yu Bin, Su Fei, Ye Shiyi, Chen Yijie, Zhao Guoping, Tang Biao
Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
mBio. 2025 May 14;16(5):e0065125. doi: 10.1128/mbio.00651-25. Epub 2025 Apr 17.
The global rise of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), driven by antibiotic use in healthcare and agriculture, poses a major public health threat. While AMR in clinical settings is well studied, there is a gap in understanding the resistance profiles of from diseased livestock, particularly regarding zoonotic transmission. This study analyzes 114 isolates from diseased swine over 12 years, revealing that 99.12% were multidrug-resistant. Resistance was highest for ampicillin and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (100%), followed by ciprofloxacin (96.49%) and tetracycline (94.74%). Furthermore, 21.05% of isolates were resistant to colistin, and 1.75% to tigecycline. A total of 76 antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) were identified, with found in 18.42%, in 4.39%, and (X4) in 1.75%. Significant co-occurrence of ARGs and plasmids suggests potential for co-selective dissemination. This study is the first to report enterotoxigenic (ETEC) strains carrying both and genes. After the 2017 colistin ban in China, detection rates significantly decreased, while florfenicol resistance rates increased in 2018-2021 (94.29%) compared to 2010-2017 (79.55%). This work provides valuable insights into the AMR profiles of from diseased swine and highlights trends that can inform strategies for monitoring and controlling public health risks associated with zoonotic transmission.IMPORTANCEThis study highlights the critical role of diseased and deceased swine in the spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), providing new insights into the transmission of resistance genes in zoonotic contexts. By analyzing from diseased swine, we identify key resistance genes such as , , and (X4), which pose significant public health risks, especially regarding last-resort antibiotics like colistin. Moreover, the study identifies novel transmission patterns of genes, including ETEC strains carrying the gene and strains harboring both and genes. The role of plasmids in horizontal gene transfer is also revealed, facilitating rapid AMR spread across species. The long-term persistence of resistant strains highlights the challenges in controlling AMR in livestock. These findings underscore the need for enhanced surveillance and a One Health approach to mitigate AMR risks across animal, human, and environmental health.
由医疗保健和农业中抗生素使用所驱动的全球抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）的上升，构成了重大的公共卫生威胁。虽然临床环境中的AMR已得到充分研究，但在了解患病牲畜的耐药谱方面存在差距，特别是关于人畜共患病传播方面。本研究分析了12年间从患病猪身上分离出的114株菌株，发现99.12%的菌株具有多重耐药性。氨苄西林和阿莫西林/克拉维酸的耐药率最高（100%），其次是环丙沙星（96.49%）和四环素（94.74%）。此外，21.05%的分离株对黏菌素耐药，1.75%对替加环素耐药。总共鉴定出76个抗菌耐药基因（ARGs），其中在18.42%的菌株中发现了，在4.39%的菌株中发现了，在1.75%的菌株中发现了（X4）。ARGs与质粒的显著共现表明存在共同选择传播的可能性。本研究首次报告了携带和基因的产肠毒素大肠杆菌（ETEC）菌株。在中国2017年禁止使用黏菌素后，的检出率显著下降，而氟苯尼考耐药率在2018 - 2021年（94.29%）相比2010 - 2017年（79.55%）有所上升。这项工作为患病猪的AMR谱提供了有价值的见解，并突出了一些趋势，可为监测和控制与人畜共患病传播相关的公共卫生风险的策略提供参考。重要性本研究突出了患病和死亡猪在抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）传播中的关键作用，为人畜共患病背景下耐药基因的传播提供了新的见解。通过分析患病猪的，我们确定了关键的耐药基因，如、和（X4），这些基因构成了重大的公共卫生风险，特别是对于像黏菌素这样的最后手段抗生素。此外，该研究确定了基因的新型传播模式，包括携带基因的ETEC菌株以及同时携带和基因的菌株。还揭示了质粒在水平基因转移中的作用，促进了AMR在物种间的快速传播。耐药菌株的长期存在凸显了控制牲畜中AMR的挑战。这些发现强调了加强监测和采取“同一健康”方法以减轻动物、人类和环境卫生方面AMR风险的必要性。
