Dey Shiladitya, Abbhishek Kumar, Saraswathibatla Suman, Das Debabrata
Action for Climate and Environment, Dr. Reddy's Foundation, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
PLoS One. 2025 Apr 18;20(4):e0321472. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0321472. eCollection 2025.
Puddled transplanted rice (PTR) is being replaced by dry direct-seeded rice (dDSR) to address manpower, water, and agricultural costs. The economic suitability of dDSR in different agro-climatic regions limits its widespread adoption. We use plot and household data to estimate the impact of dDSR adoption in four Indian rice-growing states. We first used propensity score matching (PSM) to assess how dDSR adoption affected operation-wise cultivation costs, paddy yield, and net income. The yield effect on DSR adoption was estimated using endogenous switch regression (ESR) to account for observed and unobserved heterogeneity. Both PSM and ESR-based results show that DSR adoption may increase paddy yield in Uttar Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, and Telangana and decrease it in Madhya Pradesh, but net income from paddy farming increased significantly (Rs5009/acre to 8134 based on different locations) in all four states. Adopting dDSR helps resource-poor Indian farmers reduce paddy production costs and increase income. Therefore, Central and State governments must implement policies and strategies to encourage non-adopters to adopt dDSR.
为解决人力、水资源和农业成本问题，淹水移栽稻正被旱直播稻取代。旱直播稻在不同农业气候区的经济适用性限制了其广泛采用。我们利用地块和农户数据来估计在印度四个水稻种植邦采用旱直播稻的影响。我们首先使用倾向得分匹配法（PSM）来评估采用旱直播稻如何影响按作业计算的种植成本、稻谷产量和净收入。使用内生转换回归（ESR）来估计采用旱直播稻对产量的影响，以考虑观察到的和未观察到的异质性。基于PSM和ESR的结果均表明，在北方邦、安得拉邦和特伦甘纳邦，采用旱直播稻可能会提高稻谷产量，而在中央邦则会降低产量，但在所有四个邦，稻谷种植的净收入均显著增加（根据不同地点，从每英亩5009卢比增至8134卢比）。采用旱直播稻有助于资源匮乏的印度农民降低稻谷生产成本并增加收入。因此，中央和邦政府必须实施政策和战略，鼓励未采用者采用旱直播稻。
