Slein Matthew D, Ackerman Margaret E, Leib David A
1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA; email:
2Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA.
Annu Rev Virol. 2025 Apr 18. doi: 10.1146/annurev-virology-092623-094004.
Infection by neurovirulent pathogens in utero and during the neonatal period can lead to fetal and neonatal mortality as well as neurological morbidity with lifelong consequences. Fortunately, maternal antibodies (Abs) serve as a means to protect humans as their immune system forms and matures. For some of the particularly consequential viral infections of early life, preclinical and clinical evidence demonstrate an unambiguously protective role of maternal Abs; for others, maternal Abs also have the potential to contribute to disease pathology. Here, we discuss how maternal Abs are temporarily inherited and distributed in fetal tissue. We focus on how this transgenerational form of immunity influences mortality and neurological morbidity as a result of herpes simplex virus, human cytomegalovirus, and flavivirus infections in early life.
子宫内和新生儿期感染神经毒性病原体可导致胎儿和新生儿死亡以及神经疾病，造成终身影响。幸运的是，母体抗体（Abs）在人类免疫系统形成和成熟过程中起到保护作用。对于一些早期特别严重的病毒感染，临床前和临床证据明确显示母体抗体具有保护作用；而对于其他一些感染，母体抗体也可能导致疾病病理变化。在此，我们讨论母体抗体如何暂时遗传并分布于胎儿组织中。我们重点关注这种跨代免疫形式如何影响因早期单纯疱疹病毒、人巨细胞病毒和黄病毒感染导致的死亡率和神经疾病。
