Foreman S A, Marmar C R
Am J Psychiatry. 1985 Aug;142(8):922-6. doi: 10.1176/ajp.142.8.922.
The authors studied six patients treated in time-limited dynamic psychotherapy who had initially poor therapeutic alliance scores; three patients went on to have improved alliances and good outcomes, and three had unimproved alliances and poor outcomes. The therapist actions that most strongly differentiated the two groups and occurred more frequently in the cases with improved alliances and good outcomes were 1) addressing the patient's defenses, 2) addressing the patient's guilt and expectation of punishment, 3) addressing the patient's problematic feelings in relation to the therapist, and 4) linking the problematic feelings in relation to the therapist with the patient's defenses.
作者研究了6名接受限时动态心理治疗的患者，他们最初的治疗联盟得分较低；其中3名患者的治疗联盟得到改善且预后良好，另外3名患者的治疗联盟未改善且预后较差。最能区分这两组患者且在治疗联盟得到改善和预后良好的案例中更频繁出现的治疗师行为是：1）处理患者的防御机制；2）处理患者的内疚感和对惩罚的预期；3）处理患者与治疗师相关的问题性情感；4）将患者与治疗师相关的问题性情感与患者的防御机制联系起来。
