Naeem Muhammad, Rehman Anees Ur, Habiba Umme, Rehman Zia Ur, Muqaddas Hira, Aqdas Amna, Dawoud Turki M, Bourhia Mohammed, Khan Afshan, Khan Adil, Iqbal Furhan
Institute of Zoology Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan.
Department of Physiology, Islamia University Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2025 Apr 22;57(4):179. doi: 10.1007/s11250-025-04426-3.
Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is among the most frequently investigated and reported protozoan parasite as it infects all the warm blooded animals across the globe. Free ranging Asil hens (Gallus gallus domesticus) are common component of back yad poultry in Pakistan and in this investigation we have screened their 123 blood samples for the presence of T. gondii using PCR. Blood samples along with epidemiological data were collected from five districts in Punjab. Results revealed that ITS- 1 gene of T. gondii were detected in 2/123 (1.6%) of the screened Asil hens and subsequent bidirectional Sanger sequencing followed by the BLAST analysis confirmed the presence of parasite. Partial ITS- 1 gene sequence based phylogenetic analysis orevealed that Pakistani T. gondii isolates were genetically similar and they resembled the isolates reported from birds, mammals and humans from Tunisia, Brazil, Iraq, Poland, China and Mongolia. Toxoplasma gondii infection was not associated with a particular bird sex, age, the body weight or the sample collection site (for all P > 0.05). In conclusion, Although Pakistani free ranging Asil hen had low T. gondii infection but it is recommended that use of poorly cooked meat should be avoided to restrict the zoonotic transmission of this parasite as Asil hen is the meat of choice for majority of Pakistani population.
刚地弓形虫是研究和报道最为频繁的原生动物寄生虫之一，因为它感染全球所有温血动物。自由放养的阿西尔鸡（家鸡）是巴基斯坦后院家禽的常见组成部分，在本次调查中，我们使用聚合酶链反应（PCR）对123份阿西尔鸡血样进行了刚地弓形虫检测。血样以及流行病学数据是从旁遮普省的五个地区收集的。结果显示，在123只接受检测的阿西尔鸡中有2只（1.6%）检测到刚地弓形虫的内转录间隔区1（ITS-1）基因，随后的双向桑格测序及BLAST分析证实了寄生虫的存在。基于ITS-1基因部分序列的系统发育分析表明，巴基斯坦的刚地弓形虫分离株在基因上相似，并且与来自突尼斯、巴西、伊拉克、波兰、中国和蒙古的鸟类、哺乳动物及人类中报道的分离株相似。刚地弓形虫感染与特定的鸟类性别、年龄、体重或样本采集地点无关（所有P>0.05）。总之，尽管巴基斯坦自由放养的阿西尔鸡刚地弓形虫感染率较低，但由于阿西尔鸡是大多数巴基斯坦人首选的肉类，建议避免食用未煮熟的肉，以限制这种寄生虫的人畜共患传播。
