Palombella Silvia, Lopa Silvia, Recordati Camilla, Canesi Simone, Moretti Matteo, Lovati Arianna B
Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy.
Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Lodi, Italy.
BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2025 Apr 21;26(1):392. doi: 10.1186/s12891-025-08642-8.
Osteoarthritis is a common degenerative joint disease marked by cartilage degeneration and inflammation. This study investigates the therapeutic potential of adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs) and their secretome in a rat model of osteoarthritis.
ASCs were extracted from human adipose tissue, cultured, and primed with human platelet lysate. The secretome was collected after 48 h of serum-free culture. Osteoarthritis was induced in rats using monosodium iodoacetate, and after 14 days, they were treated with saline solution, ASCs, or secretome. Over five weeks, body weight and histopathological changes were monitored.
No clinical complications arose post-treatment, and all rats gained weight similarly. ASC treatment increased histopathological changes associated with osteoarthritis, including severe cartilage necrosis and bone remodeling. Conversely, the secretome treatment resulted in mild to moderate cartilage degeneration, similar to that observed in the control group. These findings suggest that ASCs may contribute to disease progression in this model, while the secretome did not show significant effects on cartilage histology compared to the control group. Further studies are needed to determine whether optimizing the secretome composition or dosing could enhance its therapeutic potential.
This study highlights the complexity of ASC interactions with the immune system, while secretome may be a well-tolerated treatment, further studies are needed to determine its potential therapeutic benefits.
骨关节炎是一种常见的退行性关节疾病，其特征为软骨退变和炎症。本研究在骨关节炎大鼠模型中探究脂肪来源的间充质干细胞（ASC）及其分泌组的治疗潜力。
从人脂肪组织中提取ASC，进行培养并用人类血小板裂解液预处理。在无血清培养48小时后收集分泌组。使用碘乙酸钠诱导大鼠患骨关节炎，14天后，分别用生理盐水、ASC或分泌组对其进行治疗。在五周时间内监测体重和组织病理学变化。
治疗后未出现临床并发症，所有大鼠体重增加情况相似。ASC治疗增加了与骨关节炎相关的组织病理学变化，包括严重的软骨坏死和骨重塑。相反，分泌组治疗导致轻度至中度的软骨退变，与对照组观察到的情况相似。这些发现表明，在该模型中ASC可能促进疾病进展，而与对照组相比，分泌组对软骨组织学未显示出显著影响。需要进一步研究以确定优化分泌组组成或剂量是否能增强其治疗潜力。
本研究突出了ASC与免疫系统相互作用的复杂性，而分泌组可能是一种耐受性良好的治疗方法，需要进一步研究以确定其潜在的治疗益处。
