Wang Jie, Wang Yu, Cao Jin, Chen Yong, Yu Juan, Sun Ning
Clinical Medicine Research Center, The Affiliated Suqian First People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suqian, China.
Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2025 Apr 7;15:1575824. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2025.1575824. eCollection 2025.
Comparative studies of the bile microbiota in different biliary obstructive infections remain limited. This study aims to characterize bile microbiota and investigate differences in microbial profiles across various biliary obstructive diseases.
This study included patients with biliary obstructive diseases admitted to Jinling Hospital and Suqian First Hospital. The cohort consisted of individuals with benign biliary disorders, malignant biliary obstruction, and biliary obstruction secondary to severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) or intestinal fistulas. A total of 133 bile samples were collected from 118 patients and analyzed using next-generation sequencing (NGS) targeting the bacterial 16S rRNA gene and the fungal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) gene. Clinical data, including routine culture results, were extracted from electronic medical records.
NGS targeting the 16S rRNA and ITS revealed a positive rate of 68.42% for bile samples, which was higher than the culture positivity rate of 60.15%, indicating a significant difference (Chi-square test, < 0.05). The predominant bacteria identified in the bile samples through NGS were , , and . Bacterial species varied among benign biliary diseases, malignant obstructive diseases, and biliary obstruction caused by SAP or intestinal fistulas. Fungi were detected in 7.52% (10/133) of the samples, with 4 samples obtained from patients with biliary obstructive diseases due to SAP. Microbial diversity and clustering analysis showed no significant differences among various biliary disorders. Based on the culture results, the sensitivity and specificity of NGS were 81.82% and 69.64%, respectively.
The composition of bile microbes may be related to the etiology of biliary obstruction. , , and are the predominant bacteria found in bile. NGS can be effectively applied for the identification and characterization of bile microbes associated with various biliary obstruction diseases.
不同胆道梗阻性感染中胆汁微生物群的比较研究仍然有限。本研究旨在描述胆汁微生物群特征，并调查各种胆道梗阻性疾病微生物谱的差异。
本研究纳入了在金陵医院和宿迁市第一医院住院的胆道梗阻性疾病患者。该队列包括患有良性胆道疾病、恶性胆道梗阻以及继发于重症急性胰腺炎（SAP）或肠瘘的胆道梗阻患者。从118例患者中总共收集了133份胆汁样本，并使用针对细菌16S rRNA基因和真菌内转录间隔区（ITS）基因的下一代测序（NGS）进行分析。从电子病历中提取包括常规培养结果在内的临床数据。
针对16S rRNA和ITS的NGS显示胆汁样本阳性率为68.42%，高于培养阳性率60.15%，差异有统计学意义（卡方检验，<0.05）。通过NGS在胆汁样本中鉴定出的主要细菌为 、 和 。良性胆道疾病、恶性梗阻性疾病以及由SAP或肠瘘引起的胆道梗阻之间的细菌种类有所不同。在7.52%（10/133）的样本中检测到真菌，其中4份样本来自因SAP导致胆道梗阻性疾病的患者。微生物多样性和聚类分析显示各种胆道疾病之间无显著差异。基于培养结果，NGS的敏感性和特异性分别为81.82%和69.64%。
胆汁微生物的组成可能与胆道梗阻的病因有关。 、 和 是胆汁中发现的主要细菌。NGS可有效应用于鉴定和表征与各种胆道梗阻性疾病相关的胆汁微生物。
