Çelikel Baha Engin, Yılmaz Coşkun, Demir Alper, Sezer Süreyya Yonca, Ceylan Levent, Ceylan Tülay, Tan Çetin
Firat University, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Elazığ, Türkiye.
Gümüşhane University, Kelkit Aydın Dogan VS, Gümüşhane, Türkiye.
Front Physiol. 2025 Apr 7;16:1574439. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2025.1574439. eCollection 2025.
The effect of inspiratory muscle training on upper limbs One Rep Maximum (1RM) in professional natural bodybuilders is still unclear. Our aim of this study is to investigate the effects of a 6 weeks inspiratory muscle training on 1RM results.
This study included 14 athletes, that had participated in international bodybuilding competitions. Each athlete had been training for minimum of 5 years and at least 5 h per week. The participants were randomly divided into two groups: inspiratory muscle training (IMT) and control (CON) groups. The IMT group and CON group consisted of seven subjects. While the control group continued with the normal training regime, the IMT group additionally performed inspiratory muscle training with the resistance setting of the PowerBreathe® Classic device set to 40% of the participant's MIP. Prior to and during the 6-week training period, the bench press 1 RM, anthropometry, pulmonary function tests, and maximal inspiratory (MIP) and expiratory (MEP) pressure measurements were obtained. A nutrition protocol developed by a qualified dietician was implemented for each athlete.
The mean maximal strength of the respiratory muscle training group changed by 14.39%, whereas that of the control group changed by 9.43% (p = 0.012). The changes in the mean FVC (p = 0.000), FEV1 (p = 0.001), PEF (p = 0.064), MIP (p = 0.001), and maximal expiratory pressure (p = 0.017) were greater in the IMT group. The mean circumferences of the shoulder (p = 0.004), chest (p = 0.008), arm (p = 0.004), and neck (p = 0.003) improved more in the IMT group than in the CON group. A reduction in abdominal measurement was observed in the IMT group (p = 0.039), whereas no notable discrepancy was identified in body fat percentage (p = 0.295).
In conclusion we identified that the addition of progressive loading inspiratory muscle training for competition preparation programs in professional natural bodybuilders will further improve their respiratory function, respiratory muscle strength, maximal strength, and muscle development. This research provides valuable insights into how IMT influences bodybuilding training outcomes, potentially guiding future interventions and program designs to better support strength development and body composition in bodybuilding training contexts.
吸气肌训练对职业自然健美运动员上肢一次重复最大重量（1RM）的影响仍不明确。本研究的目的是调查为期6周的吸气肌训练对1RM结果的影响。
本研究纳入了14名参加过国际健美比赛的运动员。每名运动员至少训练了5年，每周训练至少5小时。参与者被随机分为两组：吸气肌训练（IMT）组和对照组（CON）。IMT组和CON组各有7名受试者。对照组继续正常训练方案，而IMT组额外使用PowerBreathe® Classic设备进行吸气肌训练，阻力设置为参与者最大吸气压（MIP）的40%。在为期6周的训练期之前和期间，获取了卧推1RM、人体测量数据、肺功能测试以及最大吸气（MIP）和呼气（MEP）压力测量值。为每名运动员实施了由合格营养师制定的营养方案。
呼吸肌训练组的平均最大力量变化了14.39%，而对照组变化了9.43%（p = 0.012）。IMT组在用力肺活量（FVC，p = 0.000）、第一秒用力呼气容积（FEV1，p = 0.001）、呼气峰值流速（PEF，p = 0.064）、MIP（p = 0.001）和最大呼气压力（p = 0.017）方面的变化更大。IMT组在肩部（p = 0.004）、胸部（p = 0.008）、手臂（p = 0.004）和颈部（p = 0.003）的平均周长改善程度大于CON组。IMT组的腹部测量值有所减少（p = 0.039），而体脂百分比方面未发现明显差异（p = 0.295）。
总之，我们发现对于职业自然健美运动员的比赛准备计划，增加渐进负荷的吸气肌训练将进一步改善他们的呼吸功能、呼吸肌力量、最大力量和肌肉发育。本研究为IMT如何影响健美训练结果提供了有价值的见解，可能会指导未来的干预措施和项目设计，以更好地支持健美训练中的力量发展和身体成分。
