Istanbuli Tawffiq, Alsamman Alsamman M, Al-Shamaa Khaled, Abu Assar Ahmed, Adlan Muhammed, Kumar Tapan, Tawkaz Sawsan, Hamwieh Aladdin
Department of Biotechnology, International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Beirut, Lebanon.
Genome Mapping, Agricultural Genetic Engineering Research Institute (AGERI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt.
Front Plant Sci. 2025 Apr 7;16:1490080. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2025.1490080. eCollection 2025.
Chickpea (*) is an important pulse crop mainly grown in marginal lands around the world. Drought stress highly impacts symbiotic nitrogen fixation (SNF) in chickpeas, which can limit productivity. Therefore, selecting high nitrogen fixation chickpea genotypes that can tolerate water stress is important for breeding programs.
A total of 204 chickpea genotypes were assessed in eight different environments across Lebanon during the 2016 and 2017 growing seasons, under both rainfed and irrigated conditions. The study employed an Alpha Lattice design with two replications at two distinct locations. Data were collected for yield and nodule characteristics, then subjected to AMMI and GGE biplot analysis.
The AMMI analysis indicated that genotype (G), environments (E), and genotype × environment interaction (GEI) had significant effects on grain yield (P<0.001), highlighting the presence of genetic variation and the potential for selecting stable genotypes. The findings revealed that the environmental effect predominantly influenced chickpea grain yield, with GEI following, and G having the least impact. Environment explained 34.5% of the total (G + E + GE) variation, whereas G and GEI captured 16.4% and 24.3%, respectively. According to grain yield (GY), genotype IG70399 demonstrated the highest performance across all environments, while genotype IG8256 displayed the most consistent performance across different conditions. In a rainfed environment, genotype IG73394 had higher nodulation, while IG70384 and IG70410 had higher nodulation biomass (NB) under an irrigated environment. The NB for ten highly tolerant genotypes increased by 24% compared to the two susceptible genotypes under drought stress conditions, while the NB for these ten genotypes increased by 14.6% compared to all studied genotypes.
鹰嘴豆是一种重要的豆类作物，主要生长在世界各地的边缘土地上。干旱胁迫对鹰嘴豆的共生固氮作用有很大影响，这可能会限制其生产力。因此，选择能够耐受水分胁迫的高固氮鹰嘴豆基因型对于育种计划至关重要。
在2016年和2017年生长季节，于黎巴嫩的八个不同环境中，对总共204种鹰嘴豆基因型在雨养和灌溉条件下进行了评估。该研究采用α格子设计，在两个不同地点进行了两次重复。收集了产量和根瘤特征的数据，然后进行了AMMI和GGE双标图分析。
AMMI分析表明，基因型（G）、环境（E）和基因型×环境互作（GEI）对籽粒产量有显著影响（P<0.001），突出了遗传变异的存在以及选择稳定基因型的潜力。研究结果表明，环境效应主要影响鹰嘴豆籽粒产量，其次是GEI，而G的影响最小。环境解释了总变异（G + E + GE）的34.5%，而G和GEI分别占16.4%和24.3%。根据籽粒产量（GY），基因型IG70399在所有环境中表现最佳，而基因型IG8256在不同条件下表现最为一致。在雨养环境中，基因型IG73394的结瘤率较高，而在灌溉环境下，IG70384和IG70410的根瘤生物量（NB）较高。在干旱胁迫条件下，十个高耐受性基因型的NB比两个敏感基因型增加了24%，而与所有研究基因型相比，这十个基因型的NB增加了14.6%。
