Rajeswari J, Navaneethan S, Sreedhar P Siva Satya, Jagannath M
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Agni College of Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Saveetha Engineering College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Biomed Eng Online. 2025 Apr 22;24(1):45. doi: 10.1186/s12938-025-01382-9.
The blockage in the upper airway that occurs, while sleeping is represented as obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). This seem to be a major issue which cause breathing difficulties also increases the risk of severe complications, such as heart attacks and strokes. Therefore, in this proposed study the impact of OSA using brain connectivity analysis under various conditions such as Neelambari, Kapi, and no music has been investigated. The electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings of twelve subjects were acquired in two different conditions, such as listening to music 1 and 2 (Neelambari and Kapi) and the absence of music. The raw EEG signals were then pre-processed using both bandpass and notch filters. Meanwhile, the EEG sub-bands were obtained using the wavelet packet decomposition (WPD) method. These sub-bands, including delta, theta, alpha, and beta, were used for brain connectivity analysis. This approach provides the visualization of frequency-specific regional brain connectivity patterns by applying Pearson Correlation to the absolute values of the detail coefficients from WPD using a graph theory metric, node strength.
Increased connectivity in the right hemisphere of the brain was observed among the nodes in the frontal and temporal regions (F8, FC6, and T8) when participants listened to Neelambari music (Music 1). In the beta band, the correlation values for Neelambari music ranged from a minimum of 0.943 to a maximum of 0.998. In the delta band, positive correlation values ranged from 0.945 (minimum) to 0.999 (maximum). The alpha and theta bands exhibited moderate correlations, ranging from 0.746 (minimum) to 0.996 (maximum). Compared to Kapi music, Neelambari music showed stronger neural synchronization, evidenced by consistently higher correlation values across all frequency bands. This increased connectivity suggests that Neelambari music may profoundly impact brain dynamics, potentially enhancing cognitive or physiological responses.
In conclusion, it has been analyzed that OSA patients have positive brain connectivity while listening to music 1 (Neelambari).
睡眠时上呼吸道出现的阻塞表现为阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）。这似乎是一个主要问题，会导致呼吸困难，还会增加严重并发症的风险，如心脏病发作和中风。因此，在本拟议研究中，研究了在各种条件下（如Neelambari、Kapi和无音乐）使用脑连接分析阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停的影响。在两种不同条件下采集了12名受试者的脑电图（EEG）记录，即听音乐1和音乐2（Neelambari和Kapi）以及无音乐。然后使用带通滤波器和陷波滤波器对原始EEG信号进行预处理。同时，使用小波包分解（WPD）方法获得EEG子带。这些子带，包括δ、θ、α和β，用于脑连接分析。这种方法通过使用图论指标节点强度，将Pearson相关性应用于WPD细节系数的绝对值，从而提供特定频率区域脑连接模式的可视化。
当参与者听Neelambari音乐（音乐1）时，在额叶和颞叶区域（F8、FC6和T8）的节点之间观察到大脑右半球的连接性增加。在β波段，Neelambari音乐的相关值范围从最小值0.943到最大值0.998。在δ波段，正相关值范围从0.945（最小值）到0.999（最大值）。α和θ波段表现出中等相关性，范围从0.746（最小值）到0.996（最大值）。与Kapi音乐相比，Neelambari音乐表现出更强的神经同步性，所有频段的相关值持续较高证明了这一点。这种增加的连接性表明Neelambari音乐可能对脑动力学产生深远影响，潜在地增强认知或生理反应。
总之，分析得出阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停患者在听音乐1（Neelambari）时有积极的脑连接性。
