Álvarez Antonio J, Oliva Rocío M, Martínez-Valderrama Jaime
Departamento de Ingeniería, Universidad de Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain.
Departamento Agroforestal y Ambiental, Facultad de Ciencias y Artes, Universidad Católica de Ávila, Calle Canteros S/N Ávila, 05005 Ávila, Spain.
Insects. 2025 Mar 1;16(3):253. doi: 10.3390/insects16030253.
is an invasive pest that poses a significant threat to fruit crops worldwide, leading to considerable agricultural losses and economic damage. Unlike chemical control measures against , integrating insect-proof nets within an IPM framework offers a more sustainable solution. This study evaluates the efficacy of nine commercial protective nets against this pest, focusing on determining optimal hole dimensions based on the effects of airflow velocity, temperature, and pest morphometry on net performance. To simulate field conditions in the laboratory, we developed a tubular device divided into three chambers with the tested net placed between the two, incorporating a fan to generate airflow and a thermo-anemometer. Our results confirm that higher air velocities and elevated temperatures reduce net efficacy. Additionally, morphometric analyses of lab-reared flies revealed significant sexual dimorphism and a strong temperature-size relationship, with flies reared at lower temperatures being consistently larger, an aspect that also affects net effectiveness. These findings highlight the importance of considering both abiotic factors and pest morphology when evaluating protective screens, challenging the assumption that exclusion net efficacy remains constant. Some tested nets proved completely effective against SWD, supporting their use as a preventive measure in IPM programs.
是一种入侵性害虫，对全球水果作物构成重大威胁，导致大量农业损失和经济损害。与针对该害虫的化学防治措施不同，在综合虫害管理（IPM）框架内整合防虫网提供了一种更可持续的解决方案。本研究评估了九种商业防护网对这种害虫的防治效果，重点是根据气流速度、温度和害虫形态测量对网性能的影响来确定最佳网孔尺寸。为了在实验室模拟田间条件，我们开发了一种管状装置，分为三个腔室，测试网置于中间两个腔室之间，并配备一个风扇以产生气流和一个热风速仪。我们的结果证实，较高的气流速度和升高的温度会降低网的防治效果。此外，对实验室饲养的果蝇进行的形态测量分析显示出显著的两性异形和强烈的温度-体型关系，在较低温度下饲养的果蝇始终体型更大，这一因素也会影响网的防治效果。这些发现凸显了在评估防护网时考虑非生物因素和害虫形态的重要性，对排除网防治效果保持恒定这一假设提出了挑战。一些测试网对樱桃果蝇完全有效，支持将其用作综合虫害管理计划中的预防措施。
