Parent Audrey V, Agarwal Ashutosh, Alvarez-Dominguez Juan Rene, Arrojo E Drigo Rafael, Atkinson Mark A, Brehm Michael A, Ferreira Leonardo M R, Kaestner Klaus H, Kravets Vira, Niland Joyce C, O'Meally Denis, Rouse Layla, Russ Holger A, Stabler Cherie L, Kaddis John S
Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA.
Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL.
Diabetes. 2025 Jul 1;74(7):1057-1067. doi: 10.2337/db25-0097.
The identification of a "rundlichen Häuflein" by Paul Langerhans more than 150 years ago marked the initiation of a global effort to unravel the mysteries of pancreatic islets, an intricate system of nutrient-sensing, hormone-secreting, and signaling cells. In type 1 diabetes, this interconnected network is vulnerable to malfunction and immune attack, with strategies to prevent or repair islet damage still in their infancy. In 2014, the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) established the Human Islet Research Network (HIRN) to accelerate our understanding of the molecular and cellular basis of type 1 diabetes development. In this article, investigators from the HIRN detail pioneering advances, technologies, and systems that contextualize insulin-producing β-cells and other related cells within their physiological environment. Disease models, devices, and therapies are evaluated by the HIRN in light of promising functional and mechanistic data. Collaborative relationships and opportunities within this network are emphasized as a means of enhancing the quality of innovative research and talent in science. Topics are developed through a series of questions, achievements, and milestones, with the 75th anniversary of the NIDDK as an opportunity to reflect on the past, present, and future of type 1 diabetes research.
The Human Islet Research Network (HIRN) was created by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases to accelerate pioneering basic and translational research on the prevention, development, and progression of type 1 diabetes. There are critical knowledge gaps in research on the processes underlying human β-cell protection, loss, and replacement in type 1 diabetes. A multidisciplinary and collaborative research community focused on outstanding biological questions propels the development of innovative models, tools, and technologies and helps contextualize the complexity of this disease. Discoveries arising from the HIRN will profoundly improve our understanding of type 1 diabetes pathogenesis and expedite the development of disease avoidance, diagnosis, and treatment strategies.
150多年前，保罗·朗格汉斯识别出“圆形小结节”，标志着全球范围内揭开胰岛奥秘的努力就此展开，胰岛是一个由营养感知细胞、激素分泌细胞和信号传导细胞构成的复杂系统。在1型糖尿病中，这个相互关联的网络容易出现功能故障并受到免疫攻击，预防或修复胰岛损伤的策略仍处于起步阶段。2014年，美国国立糖尿病、消化和肾脏疾病研究所（NIDDK）设立了人类胰岛研究网络（HIRN），以加速我们对1型糖尿病发病分子和细胞基础的理解。在本文中，HIRN的研究人员详细介绍了开创性的进展、技术和系统，这些进展、技术和系统将产生胰岛素的β细胞及其他相关细胞置于其生理环境中进行考量。HIRN根据有前景的功能和机制数据对疾病模型、设备及疗法进行评估。该网络内的合作关系和机会被视为提升创新研究质量和科学人才水平的一种方式。本文通过一系列问题、成就和里程碑来展开论述，并以NIDDK成立75周年为契机，对1型糖尿病研究的过去、现在和未来进行反思。
人类胰岛研究网络（HIRN）由美国国立糖尿病、消化和肾脏疾病研究所创建，旨在加速对1型糖尿病预防、发病和进展的开创性基础及转化研究。在1型糖尿病中，人类β细胞保护、丧失和替代过程的研究存在关键的知识空白。一个专注于重大生物学问题的多学科合作研究群体推动了创新模型、工具和技术的发展，并有助于梳理这种疾病的复杂性。HIRN的发现将极大地增进我们对1型糖尿病发病机制的理解，并加快疾病预防、诊断和治疗策略的开发。
Zotero 插件
