Park Tae-In, Yang Ah Hyun, Kanth Bashistha Kumar, Pack Seung Pil
Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea.
Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dong-A University, Pusan 602760, Republic of Korea.
Biosensors (Basel). 2025 Apr 5;15(4):232. doi: 10.3390/bios15040232.
In the 21st century, the demographic shift toward an aging population has posed a significant challenge, particularly with respect to age-related diseases, which constitute a major threat to human health. Accordingly, the detection, prevention, and treatment of aging and age-related diseases have become critical issues, and the introduction of novel molecular recognition elements, called aptamers, has been considered. Aptamers, a class of oligonucleotides, can bind to target molecules with high specificity. In addition, aptamers exhibit superior stability, biocompatibility, and applicability, rendering them promising tools for the diagnosis and treatment of human diseases. In this paper, we present a comprehensive overview of aptamers, systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX), biomarkers associated with aging, as well as aptamer-based diagnostic and therapeutic platforms. Finally, the limitations associated with predicting and preventing age-related conditions are discussed, along with potential solutions based on advanced technologies and theoretical approaches.
在21世纪，人口向老龄化的转变带来了重大挑战，尤其是在与年龄相关的疾病方面，这些疾病对人类健康构成了重大威胁。因此，衰老及与年龄相关疾病的检测、预防和治疗已成为关键问题，引入称为适配体的新型分子识别元件已被纳入考虑。适配体是一类寡核苷酸，能够与靶分子高特异性结合。此外，适配体具有卓越的稳定性、生物相容性和适用性，使其成为人类疾病诊断和治疗的有前景的工具。在本文中，我们全面概述了适配体、指数富集配体系统进化技术（SELEX）、与衰老相关的生物标志物以及基于适配体的诊断和治疗平台。最后，讨论了预测和预防与年龄相关疾病的相关局限性，以及基于先进技术和理论方法的潜在解决方案。
