Cai Xinyu, Aljofan Ali
College of Business, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314001, China.
Tourism and Hospitality College, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Sci Rep. 2025 Apr 25;15(1):14511. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-98647-z.
Worldwide efforts to achieve ecological sustainability include addressing the impact of carbon dioxide (CO) emissions. Additionally, the issue of lowering CO emissions in developed and industrialised nations, such as China, remains unsolved. Therefore, this study assesses the impacts of tourism, renewable energy, climate disasters, and financial development on carbon emissions in China for the period 1990-2022 by using Fourier Cointegration analysis under both triangular hypotheses using the ARDL approach and bivariate causality tests with a frequency domain structure. The study found that tourism seems to increase climate change by driving energy use, whereas renewable energy counters it. Climate-related disasters perpetuate climate change, while financial growth supports and hinders it, based on where it is geared. However, the work does show that sustainable tourism practices, coupled with even higher levels of renewables investments and green finance efforts to help meet climate change commitments in China, are crucial. The avenues for further research and limitations are also discussed.
全球为实现生态可持续性所做的努力包括应对二氧化碳（CO）排放的影响。此外，中国等发达国家和工业化国家降低碳排放的问题仍未得到解决。因此，本研究通过使用自回归分布滞后（ARDL）方法的三角假设下的傅里叶协整分析以及具有频域结构的双变量因果关系检验，评估了1990 - 2022年期间旅游业、可再生能源、气候灾害和金融发展对中国碳排放的影响。研究发现，旅游业似乎通过推动能源使用加剧气候变化，而可再生能源则起到抵消作用。与气候相关的灾害使气候变化持续存在，而金融增长根据其导向对气候变化既有支持作用也有阻碍作用。然而，这项研究确实表明，可持续旅游实践，再加上更高水平的可再生能源投资和绿色金融努力，以帮助中国履行气候变化承诺，至关重要。还讨论了进一步研究的途径和局限性。
