Dong Ziwei, Li Dongyang, Li Yu, Xiao Shijun, Han Xuerong
Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Changchun 130118, China.
College of Mycology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
Biology (Basel). 2025 Mar 22;14(4):322. doi: 10.3390/biology14040322.
At present, the research on mycelium composites mainly focuses on the optimization of the preparation process, while the initial culture stage of the mixing method of fungi and substrates is often overlooked. This study is centered on exploring the impacts of different mixing methods on the appearance, mechanical properties, water absorption, and chemical and thermal decomposition characteristics of mycelium composites, aiming to identify a suitable mixing method. The experimental results show that different methods lead to significant differences in the mechanical properties of the materials. The compressive strength of the fungal inoculation group and the pre-culture group is ≥0.08 MPa, and the flexural strength is ≥11 N. The electron microscope results also confirm the effects of mycelium content and the interaction between mycelium and the matrix on the mechanical properties. The change range of the water absorption rate of the materials begins to increase at 30-60 min of immersion. After 60 min of immersion, the order of the water absorption rate is pre-culture < fungal inoculation < secondary inoculation. The mycelium membrane on the surface of the materials is beneficial for water resistance. The materials prepared by different methods have volume losses and similar thermal distributions, starting to degrade at approximately 170 °C and reaching maximum degradation at 350 °C. This study provides a reference for the optimization of the preparation of mycelium composites.
目前，关于菌丝体复合材料的研究主要集中在制备工艺的优化上，而真菌与基质混合方法的初始培养阶段常常被忽视。本研究围绕探索不同混合方法对菌丝体复合材料的外观、力学性能、吸水性以及化学和热分解特性的影响展开，旨在确定一种合适的混合方法。实验结果表明，不同方法导致材料的力学性能存在显著差异。真菌接种组和预培养组的抗压强度≥0.08MPa，抗弯强度≥11N。电子显微镜结果也证实了菌丝体含量以及菌丝体与基质之间的相互作用对力学性能的影响。材料的吸水率变化范围在浸泡30 - 60分钟时开始增大。浸泡60分钟后，吸水率顺序为预培养＜真菌接种＜二次接种。材料表面的菌丝体膜有利于防水。不同方法制备的材料有体积损失且热分布相似，大约在170℃开始降解，在350℃达到最大降解程度。本研究为菌丝体复合材料制备的优化提供了参考。
