Satomura Kazuhiro
Department of BioScience, Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, Shiga 526-0829, Japan.
Genes (Basel). 2025 Apr 1;16(4):426. doi: 10.3390/genes16040426.
Plants have repeatedly undergone whole-genome duplication during their evolutionary history. Even in modern plants, there is diversity in ploidy within and between species, providing a snapshot of the evolutionary turnover of ploidy. Here, I will review the diversity of ploidy and the evolution of the genome constitution, focusing on the millet species , , and . These are all historically important cereal crops that have been domesticated in East Asia. They all display a basic chromosome set of nine, but they are diploid, tetraploid, and hexaploid, respectively. The timing of ploidy is different among the millet species, as is the extent of gene family expansion and gene loss. There also exists complex subgenomic evolution in the wild species within each genus. These three millet species and their related wild species are suitable models for elucidating the molecular evolution and diversity of genome duplication by comparative genomic analysis.
在植物的进化历程中，全基因组复制事件曾多次发生。即便在现代植物中，物种内部及物种之间的倍性也存在差异，这为倍性的进化更替提供了一个缩影。在此，我将回顾倍性的多样性以及基因组构成的进化，重点关注黍属的 、 和 这几个物种。这些都是东亚地区历史上具有重要意义的谷类作物。它们都呈现出九条基本染色体组，但分别为二倍体、四倍体和六倍体。黍属物种之间倍性发生的时间不同，基因家族扩张和基因丢失的程度也各异。每个属内的野生种还存在复杂的亚基因组进化。这三种黍属物种及其相关的野生种是通过比较基因组分析来阐明基因组复制的分子进化和多样性的合适模型。
