Coll Irene, Vallejos Daniela, Estebala Pablo, López-Safont Nora
Faculty of Dentistry, University ADEMA School, C. Passamaners 11, 07009 Palma, Spain.
Health Group of University Institute for Research in Health Sciences (IUNICS), Ctra. Valldemossa Km 7.5, 07122 Palma, Spain.
Life (Basel). 2025 Apr 1;15(4):580. doi: 10.3390/life15040580.
The diet of young people in Spain has changed significantly, with a departure from a balanced dietary pattern and a greater intake of processed foods. Such food generates an acidic environment in the mouth, which promotes the multiplication of bacteria capable of causing inflammation and damage to the gums.
This study aimed to determine the association between the frequency of consuming processed foods and periodontal disease, as well as sex differences, in an adolescent population.
A study was conducted on 233 students aged 15 to examine the frequency of food consumption and its correlation with periodontal disease. Differences were determined via a Student's -test to compare the means. A chi-square test was used to compare categorical variables. The 95% confidence interval estimate was used in all cases ( < 0.05).
It was observed that girls have a higher mean number of healthy sextants than boys (3.26 ± 0.20 vs. 2.70 ± 0.21; = 0.029). A statistically significant difference was noted between healthy and affected subjects in the frequency of consumption of packaged milkshakes ( = 0.003), industrial juices ( = 0.009), industrial pastries ( = 0.018), and fruits in syrup ( = 0.022). When segmented by sex, a statistically significant difference was noted in boys between healthy and affected subjects in the frequency of consumption of packaged milkshakes ( = 0.044), salty snacks ( = 0.032), and cold cuts ( = 0.033); in girls, the difference was detected in industrial juices (0.024).
The results of this study suggest that adolescent boys are more affected periodontally than girls. In both sexes, the level of consumption of processed foods affects the presence of periodontal disease.
西班牙年轻人的饮食发生了显著变化，偏离了均衡的饮食模式，加工食品的摄入量增加。这类食物会在口腔中产生酸性环境，促进能够引发炎症并损害牙龈的细菌繁殖。
本研究旨在确定青少年群体中加工食品的消费频率与牙周疾病之间的关联以及性别差异。
对233名15岁的学生进行了一项研究，以检查食物消费频率及其与牙周疾病的相关性。通过学生t检验确定差异以比较均值。使用卡方检验比较分类变量。所有情况均采用95%置信区间估计（P<0.05）。
观察到女孩的健康牙面平均数量高于男孩（3.26±0.20对2.70±0.21；P=0.029）。在包装奶昔（P=0.003）、工业果汁（P=0.009）、工业糕点（P=0.018）和糖浆水果（P=0.022）的消费频率方面，健康受试者与患病受试者之间存在统计学显著差异。按性别划分时，在男孩中，包装奶昔（P=0.044）、咸味小吃（P=0.032）和冷切肉（P=0.033）的消费频率在健康受试者与患病受试者之间存在统计学显著差异；在女孩中，工业果汁的差异为0.024。
本研究结果表明，青少年男孩比女孩更容易受到牙周疾病的影响。在男女两性中，加工食品的消费水平都会影响牙周疾病的存在。
