Yang Shujie, Klinkov Victor, Grozova Natalia, Shalnova Svetlana, Larionova Tatiana, Tolochko Oleg, Klimova-Korsmik Olga
Department of Physics and Materials Technology, Institute of Machinery, Materials and Transport, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, 195251 Saint Petersburg, Russia.
World-Class Research Center "Advanced Digital Technologies", State Marine Technical University, 190121 Saint Petersburg, Russia.
Micromachines (Basel). 2025 Mar 29;16(4):403. doi: 10.3390/mi16040403.
The pursuit of eco-friendly and renewable power generation has driven technological breakthroughs in nanoscale engineering, particularly regarding triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs). These devices have become a focus of interest due to their capacity to effectively transform kinetic energy into electrical power via combined triboelectrification and electrostatic charge separation mechanisms. TENGs now find expanding implementations across multiple fields including in flexible electronics, autonomous sensing systems, and ambient energy conversion technologies. Enhancing TENG performance critically depends on the strategic design and application of nanostructures and nanomaterials. Nonetheless, challenges such as material selection, compatibility, homogeneous dispersion, interfacial stability, and production scalability must be overcome to advance TENG technology. Moreover, the mechanisms by which nanomaterials contribute to the triboelectric effect remain insufficiently understood, underscoring the necessity for systematic theoretical models. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in integrating nanostructures and nanomaterials into TENGs, elucidating their roles, advantages, and underlying mechanisms in enhancing energy conversion efficiency, while identifying key challenges and proposing future research directions.
对环保和可再生发电的追求推动了纳米尺度工程领域的技术突破，特别是在摩擦电纳米发电机（TENG）方面。由于这些装置能够通过摩擦起电和静电荷分离机制的结合有效地将动能转化为电能，它们已成为人们关注的焦点。TENG现在在包括柔性电子、自主传感系统和环境能量转换技术在内的多个领域有越来越广泛的应用。提高TENG的性能关键取决于纳米结构和纳米材料的战略设计与应用。尽管如此，要推进TENG技术，必须克服诸如材料选择、兼容性、均匀分散、界面稳定性和生产可扩展性等挑战。此外，纳米材料对摩擦电效应的贡献机制仍未得到充分理解，这凸显了建立系统理论模型的必要性。本综述全面概述了将纳米结构和纳米材料集成到TENG中的最新进展，阐明了它们在提高能量转换效率方面的作用、优势和潜在机制，同时确定了关键挑战并提出了未来的研究方向。
