Xie Jun, Song Kangkang, Qiao Gaixia, Wang Rong, Wu Hongyuan, Jia Qiaoxia, Liu Yujuan, Li Yi, Xu Meilong
College of Forestry, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Yinchuan 750004, China.
Plants (Basel). 2025 Apr 10;14(8):1180. doi: 10.3390/plants14081180.
G-quadruplexes play a crucial role in transcription, translation, and DNA replication in plant genomes. Here, we comprehensively examined the prevalence and functions of G-quadruplexes in . A total of 467,813 G-quadruplexes were identified in grapevine genome, with enrichment in the promoter (0.54/kbp) and near transcription start sites (TSSs, 1.00/kbp), and showed conservative strand preference. The G-quadruplex density in centromeres exhibited heterogeneity. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) under two-day drought stress manifested high G-quadruplex density in the promoter and TSS regions. The upregulated DEGs showed template strand-biased G-quadruplex enrichment, while downregulated DEGs displayed coding strand dominance linked to metal ion homeostasis and sugar-acid metabolism pathways, respectively. G-quadruplexes were enriched in key sugar-acid metabolism genes, including pyruvate kinase and sucrose synthase. The number of G-quadruplexes in sucrose transferase VINV genes was higher than that in the CWINV and NINV genes. This study revealed G-quadruplexes as regulatory elements of stress response and berry development, providing abundant genetic targets for precision breeding and the quality improvement of grapevines.
G-四链体在植物基因组的转录、翻译和DNA复制中发挥着关键作用。在此，我们全面研究了葡萄基因组中G-四链体的分布情况和功能。在葡萄基因组中共鉴定出467,813个G-四链体，在启动子区域（0.54/kbp）和转录起始位点附近（TSSs，1.00/kbp）富集，并表现出保守的链偏好性。着丝粒中的G-四链体密度表现出异质性。在两天干旱胁迫下差异表达的基因（DEGs）在启动子和TSS区域表现出较高的G-四链体密度。上调的DEGs表现出模板链偏向性的G-四链体富集，而下调的DEGs分别在与金属离子稳态和糖酸代谢途径相关的编码链中占主导地位。G-四链体在关键的糖酸代谢基因中富集，包括丙酮酸激酶和蔗糖合酶。蔗糖转移酶VINV基因中的G-四链体数量高于CWINV和NINV基因。本研究揭示了G-四链体作为胁迫响应和浆果发育的调控元件，为葡萄的精准育种和品质改良提供了丰富的遗传靶点。
