El Nabawy Mariam H M, Najeeb Khadegah M A, Khalil Hala B, Soliman Khaled A, El-Seoudy Alia A
Department of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, 68 Hadayek Shoubra, Cairo 11241, Egypt.
Wheat Diseases Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza 12112, Egypt.
Plants (Basel). 2025 Apr 17;14(8):1231. doi: 10.3390/plants14081231.
Powdery mildew, caused by f. sp. (), severely impacts global barley L. () production. This investigation evaluated Egyptian barley genotypes to identify novel resistance sources and molecular markers for breeding programs. Phenotypic assessments at the seedling (growth stage, GS 32) and adult plant (GS 55-59) stages under controlled and field conditions, combined with SSR marker analysis, revealed distinct resistance profiles. Genotypes Giza 123, Giza 125, and G8 exhibited strong resistance, with Giza 123 displaying -mediated immunity. Susceptible genotypes (Giza 126, G1, G2, and G4) showed rapid disease progression (IT4; up to 80% severity). Intermediate genotypes (G5, G6, and G9) suggested quantitative resistance. Simple sequence repeat (SSR) analysis linked the primer 160 bp allele to resistance and the 149 bp allele to susceptibility. The primer 185 bp allele correlated with partial resistance, highlighting its utility in marker-assisted selection (MAS). The integration of phenotypic and molecular data identified Giza 123 and G8 as prime candidates for breeding, emphasizing the need for strategies like gene pyramiding or quantitative resistance incorporation in susceptible lines. This study underscores the value of Egypt's barley diversity in advancing durable disease resistance through targeted breeding and molecular tools.
白粉病由（）专化型引起，严重影响全球大麦（）的生产。本研究对埃及大麦基因型进行了评估，以确定用于育种计划的新抗性来源和分子标记。在可控条件和田间条件下，于幼苗期（生长阶段，GS 32）和成年植株期（GS 55 - 59）进行表型评估，并结合SSR标记分析，揭示了不同的抗性谱。基因型吉萨123、吉萨125和G8表现出强抗性，其中吉萨123表现出介导的免疫性。感病基因型（吉萨126、G1、G2和G4）病害发展迅速（IT4；严重程度高达80%）。中间型基因型（G5、G6和G9）表明存在数量抗性。简单序列重复（SSR）分析表明，引物160 bp等位基因与抗性相关，149 bp等位基因与感病性相关。引物185 bp等位基因与部分抗性相关，突出了其在标记辅助选择（MAS）中的实用性。表型和分子数据的整合确定吉萨123和G8为育种的主要候选材料，强调了在感病品系中采用基因聚合或导入数量抗性等策略的必要性。本研究强调了埃及大麦多样性在通过定向育种和分子工具提高持久抗病性方面的价值。
