维生素D与认知障碍。

Vitamin D and Cognitive Impairment.

作者信息

Imerbsin Nalinee, Shantavasinkul Prapimporn Chattranukulchai, Witoonpanich Pirada, Sirivarasai Jintana, Taonam Naphat, Phanachet Pariya, Warodomwichit Daruneewan, Jayanama Kulapong, Boonyawat Kochawan, Somlaw Nicha, Ongphiphadhanakul Boonsong, Nakawiro Daochompu, Tangwongchai Sookjaroen

机构信息

Doctor of Philosophy Program in Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital and Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.

Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.

出版信息

Nutrients. 2025 Apr 9;17(8):1301. doi: 10.3390/nu17081301.

DOI:10.3390/nu17081301

PMID:40284166

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12030256/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Vitamin D deficiency is recognized as a significant public health concern, and it has been identified as one of the potentially modifiable risk factors for mild cognitive impairment (MCI). However, evidence regarding the relationship between vitamin D status and cognitive function remains conflicting.

OBJECTIVE

Therefore, this study aimed to examine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in the Thai elderly population and an association between vitamin D status and cognitive function, adiposity, and insulin sensitivity.

METHODS

This study enrolled participants aged 55-80 years with normal cognitive function (normal group) or MCI from the prospective cohort in the "Holistic approach of Alzheimer's disease in Thai people (HADThai study)". We used the baseline clinical data to determine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and its association between vitamin D status and cognitive function, adiposity, and insulin sensitivity.

RESULTS

A total of 718 subjects (71.9% women) with a mean age of 65.7 ± 5.8 years and a mean BMI of 23.9 ± 3.7 kg/m were enrolled. There were 470 (65.5%) participants with normal cognitive function and 248 (34.5%) with MCI. Vitamin D status did not differ significantly between individuals with normal cognitive function and those with MCI. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (<20 ng/mL) and vitamin D inadequacy (<30 ng/mL) in both normal cognitive function and MCI was around 6.5% and 40.0%, respectively. While serum 25(OH)D concentrations were inversely associated with body mass index (BMI), body fat, %body fat, and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), no relationship was found between vitamin D status and cognitive function.

CONCLUSIONS

Our study emphasized the high prevalence of vitamin D inadequacy among elderly individuals and an inverse association of vitamin D status and adiposity and insulin resistance. These findings emphasize the importance of addressing vitamin D deficiency in the elderly population to improve overall health outcomes. Nevertheless, our results do not support a direct role of vitamin D status in cognitive decline in this population. Further research, particularly studies with longer follow-up periods and the inclusion of patients with dementia with details of vitamin D supplementation, is needed to clarify the potential role of vitamin D in cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases.

摘要

背景

维生素D缺乏被认为是一个重大的公共卫生问题，并且已被确定为轻度认知障碍（MCI）潜在的可改变风险因素之一。然而，关于维生素D水平与认知功能之间关系的证据仍然相互矛盾。

目的

因此，本研究旨在调查泰国老年人群中维生素D缺乏的患病率，以及维生素D水平与认知功能、肥胖和胰岛素敏感性之间的关联。

方法

本研究纳入了来自“泰国人阿尔茨海默病整体研究（HADThai研究）”前瞻性队列中年龄在55 - 80岁、认知功能正常（正常组）或患有MCI的参与者。我们使用基线临床数据来确定维生素D缺乏的患病率及其与维生素D水平、认知功能、肥胖和胰岛素敏感性之间的关联。

结果

总共纳入了718名受试者（71.9%为女性），平均年龄为65.7±5.8岁，平均体重指数为23.9±3.7kg/m²。有470名（65.5%）认知功能正常的参与者和248名（34.5%）患有MCI的参与者。认知功能正常者与MCI患者之间的维生素D水平无显著差异。认知功能正常和MCI人群中维生素D缺乏（<20 ng/mL）和维生素D不足（<30 ng/mL）的患病率分别约为6.5%和40.0%。虽然血清25(OH)D浓度与体重指数（BMI）、体脂、体脂百分比以及胰岛素抵抗稳态模型评估（HOMA-IR）呈负相关，但未发现维生素D水平与认知功能之间存在关联。

结论

我们的研究强调了老年人群中维生素D不足的高患病率，以及维生素D水平与肥胖和胰岛素抵抗之间的负相关。这些发现强调了解决老年人群维生素D缺乏以改善整体健康状况的重要性。然而，我们的结果不支持维生素D水平在该人群认知衰退中起直接作用。需要进一步研究，特别是随访期更长且纳入痴呆患者并详细记录维生素D补充情况的研究，以阐明维生素D在认知衰退和神经退行性疾病中的潜在作用。