Schweizer Tiziano Angelo, Egli Adrian, Bosshard Philipp P, Achermann Yvonne
Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland.
Department of Cranio-Maxillo-Facial and Oral Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland.
Microorganisms. 2025 Apr 7;13(4):836. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms13040836.
Biofilm formation on orthopedic joint implants complicates diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs). Sonication of explanted orthopedic implants for diagnostic enhances pathogen detection, but it shows limitations in sensitivity and handling. We investigated whether the biosurfactant saponin could improve bacterial recovery from orthopaedic implants and thereby enhance infection diagnosis ex vivo. Orthopaedic material discs of 1 cm diameter were contaminated with different clinical bacterial PJI isolates. Biofilms of , , , , and were grown on the discs, which were then treated with either saline solution or various concentrations of saponin. Next, the discs were vortexed or sonicated. Colony-forming units (CFUs) enumeration and time-to-positivity of liquid cultures were determined. Additionally, a novel 3D PJI soft tissue in vitro model was established to validate these findings in a more representative scenario. Median CFU enumeration showed that 0.001% (/) saponin as compared to saline solution increased CFUs recovery by 2.2 log for , 0.6 log for , 0.6 log for , 1.1 log for , and 0.01 log for . Furthermore, saponin treatment resulted in a >1 log increase in CFU recovery from implants in the 3D tissue model compared to standard saline sonication. With that, we propose a novel two-component kit, consisting of a saponin solution and a specialized transportation box, for the efficient collection, transportation, and processing of potentially infected implants. Our data suggest that biosurfactants can enhance bacterial recovery from artificially contaminated orthopedic implants, potentially improving the diagnosis of PJIs.
骨科关节植入物上生物膜的形成使假体周围关节感染(PJI)的诊断变得复杂。对取出的骨科植入物进行超声处理以进行诊断可提高病原体检测率,但在灵敏度和操作方面存在局限性。我们研究了生物表面活性剂皂苷是否可以提高从骨科植入物中回收细菌的效率,从而增强体外感染诊断。将直径为1厘米的骨科材料圆盘用不同的临床细菌PJI分离株污染。在圆盘上培养金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、粪肠球菌、大肠杆菌和铜绿假单胞菌的生物膜,然后用盐溶液或不同浓度的皂苷处理。接下来,对圆盘进行涡旋或超声处理。测定液体培养物的菌落形成单位(CFU)计数和阳性时间。此外,建立了一种新型的3D PJI软组织体外模型,以在更具代表性的场景中验证这些发现。CFU计数中位数显示,与盐溶液相比,0.001%(重量/体积)的皂苷使金黄色葡萄球菌的CFU回收率提高了2.2个对数,表皮葡萄球菌提高了0.6个对数,粪肠球菌提高了0.6个对数,大肠杆菌提高了1.1个对数,铜绿假单胞菌提高了0.01个对数。此外,与标准盐水超声处理相比,皂苷处理使3D组织模型中植入物的金黄色葡萄球菌CFU回收率提高了>1个对数。据此,我们提出了一种新型的双组分试剂盒,由皂苷溶液和专用运输盒组成,用于高效收集、运输和处理潜在感染的植入物。我们的数据表明,生物表面活性剂可以提高从人工污染的骨科植入物中回收细菌的效率,可能改善PJI的诊断。
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