Madariaga-Troncoso David, Vargas Isaac, Rojas-Villalta Dorian, Abanto Michel, Núñez-Montero Kattia
Facultad de Ciencias de La Salud, Instituto de Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Temuco 4810101, Chile.
Escuela de Biología, Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica, Cartago 30101, Costa Rica.
Microorganisms. 2025 Apr 18;13(4):936. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms13040936.
Soil health is essential for maintaining ecosystem balance, food security, and human well-being. Anthropogenic activities, such as climate change and excessive agrochemical use, have led to the degradation of soil ecosystems worldwide. Microbiome transplantation has emerged as a promising approach for restoring perturbed soils; however, direct soil transfer presents practical limitations for large-scale applications. An alternative strategy involves extracting microbial communities through soil washing processes, but its success highly depends on proper microbiota characterization and efficient extraction methods. This study evaluated a soil wash method using four different dispersant solutions (Tween-80, NaCl, sodium citrate, and sodium pyrophosphate) for their ability to extract the majority of microbial cells from Antarctic and Crop soils. The extracted microbiomes were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene metataxonomics to assess their diversity and abundance. We found that some treatments extracted a greater proportion of specific taxa, and, on the other hand, some extracted a lower proportion than the control treatment. In addition, these dispersant solutions showed the extraction of the relevant microbial community profile in soil samples, composed of multiple taxa, including beneficial bacteria for soil health. Our study aims to optimize DNA extraction methods for microbiome analyses and to explore the use of this technique in various biotechnological applications. The results provide insights into the effect of dispersant solutions on microbiome extractions. In this regard, sodium chloride could be optimal for Antarctic soils, while sodium citrate is suggested for the Crop soils.
土壤健康对于维持生态系统平衡、粮食安全和人类福祉至关重要。气候变化和过度使用农用化学品等人为活动已导致全球土壤生态系统退化。微生物群落移植已成为恢复受干扰土壤的一种有前景的方法；然而，直接进行土壤转移在大规模应用方面存在实际限制。另一种策略是通过土壤冲洗过程提取微生物群落，但其成功高度依赖于合适的微生物群特征描述和有效的提取方法。本研究评估了一种使用四种不同分散剂溶液（吐温 - 80、氯化钠、柠檬酸钠和焦磷酸钠）的土壤冲洗方法，以确定它们从南极土壤和作物土壤中提取大多数微生物细胞的能力。使用16S rRNA基因宏分类学对提取的微生物群落进行分析，以评估其多样性和丰度。我们发现，一些处理提取出特定分类群的比例更高，而另一方面，一些处理提取出的比例低于对照处理。此外，这些分散剂溶液显示出在土壤样品中提取了由多个分类群组成的相关微生物群落谱，包括对土壤健康有益的细菌。我们的研究旨在优化用于微生物群落分析的DNA提取方法，并探索该技术在各种生物技术应用中的用途。研究结果提供了关于分散剂溶液对微生物群落提取效果的见解。在这方面，氯化钠可能对南极土壤是最佳的，而柠檬酸钠则建议用于作物土壤。
