Jett Alex, Tariq Zoon, Yee Rebecca
Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
Department of Pathology, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC 20037, USA.
Viruses. 2025 Mar 24;17(4):460. doi: 10.3390/v17040460.
HHV-8 infection can be asymptomatic in immunocompetent individuals but poses significant risks in immunocompromised patients. As an oncovirus, it can lead to Kaposi sarcoma (KS), primary effusion lymphoma, and multicentric Castleman disease (MCD). While the association between HHV-8 and HIV is well-established, other co-infections remain underexplored due to the low incidence of HHV-8 infections. This retrospective, observational study examines twelve individuals infected with HHV-8 over seven years, focusing on patterns of co-infection and the diagnostic need for clinical management. The average age for all patients included in this study was 56 years, and a majority were male (92%). Over a majority presented with fever, night sweats, fatigue, dyspnea, and lymphadenopathy. MCD was the most common diagnosis (42%), followed by KS in the context of MCD (33%). Nearly all patients (92%) were HIV and Epstein-Barr Virus positive, with a total of 43 co-infections identified, including viral (72%), bacterial (16%), parasitic (7%), and fungal (5%) pathogens. Bacterial co-infections were more prevalent in patients diagnosed with KS than in those with MCD ( = 0.02). Given the burden of various co-infections, our findings highlight the need for comprehensive diagnostic testing to guide optimal clinical management and improve patient outcomes.
人疱疹病毒8型（HHV - 8）感染在免疫功能正常的个体中可能无症状，但在免疫功能低下的患者中会带来重大风险。作为一种肿瘤病毒，它可导致卡波西肉瘤（KS）、原发性渗出性淋巴瘤和多中心Castleman病（MCD）。虽然HHV - 8与人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）之间的关联已得到充分证实，但由于HHV - 8感染发生率较低，其他合并感染仍未得到充分研究。这项回顾性观察研究对7年期间感染HHV - 8的12名个体进行了检查，重点关注合并感染模式以及临床管理的诊断需求。本研究纳入的所有患者的平均年龄为56岁，大多数为男性（92%）。大多数患者出现发热、盗汗、疲劳、呼吸困难和淋巴结病。MCD是最常见的诊断（42%），其次是MCD背景下的KS（33%）。几乎所有患者（92%）HIV和EB病毒呈阳性，共确定了43种合并感染，包括病毒（72%）、细菌（16%）、寄生虫（7%）和真菌（5%）病原体。诊断为KS的患者中细菌合并感染比诊断为MCD的患者更普遍（ = 0.02）。鉴于各种合并感染的负担，我们的研究结果强调需要进行全面的诊断检测，以指导最佳临床管理并改善患者预后。
